Identification of Pisum sativum L. cytokinin and auxin metabolic and signaling genes, and an analysis of their role in symbiotic nodule development

Долгих, Е. А.; Шапошников, А. И.; Dolgikh, Alexandra V.; Gribchenko, Emma S.; Bodyagina, K. B.; Yuzhikhin, O. S.; Тихонович, И. А.

doi:10.5897/ijppb2017.0266

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Increased levels of trans-zeatin riboside were found in the mycorrhizal roots when compared with non-mycorrhizal roots in some legume plants [ 60 ]. The activation of type-A and type-B cytokinin response regulators (type-A RR and type-B RR ) was shown to be related to cytokinin receptor activation in legume plants [ 61 , 62 , 63 ]. Indeed, our experiments showed that the expression of type-A cytokinin response genes RR4 , RR6 , RR8 , and RR9 increased in wild-type roots within 14 days of infection with AM fungi ( Figure 9 A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receptor-Like Kinase LYK9 in Pisum sativum L. Is the CERK1-Like Receptor that Controls Both Plant Immunity and AM Symbiosis Development

Leppyanen

Shakhnazarova

Shtark

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Plants are able to discriminate and respond to structurally related chitooligosaccharide (CO) signals from pathogenic and symbiotic fungi. In model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa LysM-receptor like kinases (LysM-RLK) AtCERK1 and OsCERK1 (chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1) were shown to be involved in response to CO signals. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the pea Pisum sativum L. LysM-RLK PsLYK9 was chosen as a possible candidate given its role on the CERK1-like receptor. The knockdown regulation of the PsLyk9 gene by RNA interference led to increased susceptibility to fungal pathogen Fusarium culmorum. Transcript levels of PsPAL2, PsPR10 defense-response genes were significantly reduced in PsLyk9 RNAi roots. PsLYK9’s involvement in recognizing short-chain COs as most numerous signals of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, was also evaluated. In transgenic roots with PsLyk9 knockdown treated with short-chain CO5, downregulation of AM symbiosis marker genes (PsDELLA3, PsNSP2, PsDWARF27) was observed. These results clearly indicate that PsLYK9 appears to be involved in the perception of COs and subsequent signal transduction in pea roots. It allows us to conclude that PsLYK9 is the most likely CERK1-like receptor in pea to be involved in the control of plant immunity and AM symbiosis formation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receptor-Like Kinase LYK9 in Pisum sativum L. Is the CERK1-Like Receptor that Controls Both Plant Immunity and AM Symbiosis Development

Leppyanen

Shakhnazarova

Shtark

et al. 2017

IJMS

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“…In pea, a two-stage increase in the content of CKs during nodule development was observed ( Dolgikh et al, 2017 ). The accumulation of tZ and IP at 3 dpi can be associated with cortical cell division where CKs are known to be positive regulators, while the increase of tZ content at later stages suggests that CK also plays a role in subsequent stages of the nodule development and functioning ( Dolgikh et al, 2017 ). The temporal expression dynamics of MtIPT s we observed are in line with this observation, suggesting that cytokinin biosynthesis also occurs at later stages of nodule development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, RNA-seq analysis shows the expression of some LOG genes along with that of CYP735A1 gene (Medtr6g017325) in the epidermis of inoculated roots ( Jardinaud et al, 2016 ). Activation of IPT and LOG genes has also been demonstrated in nodules of Pisum sativum ( Azarakhsh et al, 2015 ; Dolgikh et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Identification and Expression Analysis of Medicago truncatula Isopentenyl Transferase Genes (IPTs) Involved in Local and Systemic Control of Nodulation

2018

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Cytokinins are essential for legume plants to establish a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with rhizobia. Recently, the expression level of cytokinin biosynthesis IPTs (ISOPENTENYLTRANSFERASES) genes was shown to be increased in response to rhizobial inoculation in Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and Pisum sativum. In addition to its well-established positive role in nodule primordium initiation in root cortex, cytokinin negatively regulates infection processes in the epidermis. Moreover, it was reported that shoot-derived cytokinin inhibits the subsequent nodule formation through AON (autoregulation of nodulation) pathway. In L. japonicus, LjIPT3 gene was shown to be activated in the shoot phloem via the components of AON system, negatively affecting nodulation. However, in M. truncatula, the detailed analysis of MtIPTs expression, both in roots and shoots, in response to nodulation has not been performed yet, and the link between IPTs and AON has not been studied so far. In this study, we performed an extensive analysis of MtIPTs expression levels in different organs, focusing on the possible role of MtIPTs in nodule development. MtIPTs expression dynamics in inoculated roots suggest that besides its early established role in the nodule primordia development, cytokinin may be also important for later stages of nodulation. According to expression analysis, MtIPT3, MtIPT4, and MtIPT5 are activated in the shoots in response to inoculation. Among these genes, MtIPT3 is the only one the induction of which was not observed in leaves of the sunn-3 mutant defective in CLV1-like kinase, the key component of AON, suggesting that MtIPT3 is activated in the shoots in an AON-dependent manner. Taken together, our findings suggest that MtIPTs are involved in the nodule development at different stages, both locally in inoculated roots and systemically in shoots, where their expression can be activated in an AON-dependent manner.

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“…It was shown that expression of some PsLOG and PsIPT genes may depend on the Ps KNOX3 transcription factor in pea (Azarakhsh et al, 2015). To investigate a possible link between regulation of transcription factors by DELLA and possible targets of KNOX transcription factors, we have examined the PsLOG1, PsLOG2, PsIPT1, PsIPT2, PsIPT3 , and PsIPT4 (all of them encode enzymes that belong to adenosine phosphate-IPTs) expression in LA cry and la cry mutants during nodulation (2, 9, and 14 dai) (Figure 3, 4), because their up-regulation was shown upon nodulation in pea (Azarakhsh et al, 2015; Dolgikh et al, 2017). However, as the level of IPT3 was very low in cv.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant material was ground with a mortar and pestle to a fine powder in liquid nitrogen. Approximately 50–100 mg of ground tissue was used for RNA extraction, as previously described (Dolgikh et al, 2017). 1–2.5 μg of total RNA was used to synthesize cDNA with the RevertAid Reverse Transcriptase (Thermo Fisher Scientific, United States).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The DELLA Proteins Influence the Expression of Cytokinin Biosynthesis and Response Genes During Nodulation

et al. 2019

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The key event that initiates nodule organogenesis is the perception of bacterial signal molecules, the Nod factors, triggering a complex of responses in epidermal and cortical cells of the root. The Nod factor signaling pathway interacts with plant hormones, including cytokinins and gibberellins. Activation of cytokinin signaling through the homeodomain-containing transcription factors KNOX is essential for nodule formation. The main regulators of gibberellin signaling, the DELLA proteins are also involved in regulation of nodule formation. However, the interaction between the cytokinin and gibberellin signaling pathways is not fully understood. Here, we show in Pisum sativum L. that the DELLA proteins can activate the expression of KNOX and BELL transcription factors involved in regulation of cytokinin metabolic and response genes. Consistently, pea la cry-s ( della1 della2 ) mutant showed reduced ability to upregulate expression of some cytokinin metabolic genes during nodulation. Our results suggest that DELLA proteins may regulate cytokinin metabolism upon nodulation.

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Identification of Pisum sativum L. cytokinin and auxin metabolic and signaling genes, and an analysis of their role in symbiotic nodule development

Cited by 14 publications

References 55 publications

Receptor-Like Kinase LYK9 in Pisum sativum L. Is the CERK1-Like Receptor that Controls Both Plant Immunity and AM Symbiosis Development

Receptor-Like Kinase LYK9 in Pisum sativum L. Is the CERK1-Like Receptor that Controls Both Plant Immunity and AM Symbiosis Development

Identification and Expression Analysis of Medicago truncatula Isopentenyl Transferase Genes (IPTs) Involved in Local and Systemic Control of Nodulation

The DELLA Proteins Influence the Expression of Cytokinin Biosynthesis and Response Genes During Nodulation

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