Identification of Pns12 as the second silencing suppressor of Rice gall dwarf virus

Abstract

RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism found ubiquitously in eukaryotic organisms. It has been used to regulate gene expression and development. In addition, RNA silencing serves as an important mechanism in plants' defense against invasive nucleic acids, such as viruses, transposons, and transgenes. As a counter-defense, most plants, and some animal viruses, encode RNA silencing suppressors to interfere at one or several points of the silencing pathway. In this study, we showed that Pns12 of RGDV (Rice gall dwarf virus) exhibits silencing suppressor activity on the reporter green fluorescent protein in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c. Pns12 of RGDV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA. Expression of Pns12 also enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N. benthamiana. Collectively, these results suggested that RGDV Pns12 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing, which might target an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway. Furthermore, we showed that Pns12 is localized mainly in the nucleus of N. benthamiana leaf cells.

Application of Virus-Derived Small Interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) in Rice Viruses with Insect Vectors, Especially <em>Rice Grassy Stunt Virus</em>

“…RSV has 4 single standard genomic RNA which is called as RNA1, 2, 3 and 4 with their size in reducing style. RNA1 has one big ORF which encodes a protein of 337 kDa molecular weight that was thought to be Also, Pns12 is localized in the nucleus of N. benthamiana leaf cells [104].…”

“…Eukaryotes and plants use a much-conserved mechanism RNA silencing as a defense strategy against transposons and viruses [104]. Generally, dsRNAs trigger RNA silencing.…”

Small RNA biology: From fundamental studies to applications

“…Studies of viral counter-defense measure led to the discovery of viral suppressors of RNA silencing. These suppressors not only facilitate our better understanding of RNA silencing pathway [43][44][45], but also serve to increase foreign protein production in transgenic plants [46].…”

The role and clinical implications of microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma

“…Deregulation of miRNA expression has also been implicated in many diseases including cancer. Recent evidence has clearly demonstrated that, other than abnormal epigenetic modifications, dysregulation of miRNA expression may also contribute to aberrant activation of oncogenes, accompanied by inactivation of tumor suppressor genes [20][21][22][23][24].…”