Identification of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in commercial chlorophenol formulations

Rappe, Christoffer; Garå, Anders; Buser, Hans-Rudolf

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(78)90008-5

Cited by 67 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, the TCDD reported by Buser and Bosshardt (27) in several samples was shown conclusively to be the unusual (and unexplained) 1,2,3,4-isomer. The two HpCDDs and 3 of 10 HCDD isomers were found (Table 3.3), and the l,2,4,6,8,9-RCDF and 1,2,3,4,6,8,9-HpCDF predominated (28), but their range among 19 samples was very wide.…”

Section: Composition Of Technical Pcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The values presented by Johnson et al (8) (Table 3.1) are typical of the older work which did not reflect present understanding that predioxins, cyclohexadienones, and perhaps other major impurities could be converted to dioxins and dibenzofurans during analysis. More recent work (27,28), indicates that earlier values for the neutral impurities tended to be high (Table 3.2) and even more refined analysis employing capillary gas chromatography and mass fragmentography can distinguish the more toxic from less toxic isomers (27,29) (Table 3.3). Table 3.2.…”

Section: Composition Of Technical Pcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental chemistry of pentachlorophenol

Crosby¹

1981

Pure and Applied Chemistry

323

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Section: Composition Of Technical Pcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Composition Of Technical Pcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental chemistry of pentachlorophenol

Crosby¹

1981

Pure and Applied Chemistry

323

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“…It is well known that lower levels of chlorinated PCDFs are synthesized in combustion processes (Iino et al, 2001;Rappe et al, 1978;Sakai et al, 1993;Vogg and Stieglitz, 1986;Wilken et al, 1992). The major source of PCDFs in the sediment core from Lake Suwa was considered to be combustion.…”

Section: Vertical Changes In Concentrations Of Dioxins and Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of sources and inflow of dioxins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the sediment core of Lake Suwa, Japan

Ikenaka

Eun

Watanabe

et al. 2005

Environmental Pollution

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To elucidate the historical changes in polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF), coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl (co-PCB), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) inflows in Lake Suwa, their concentrations in the sediment core were analyzed in 5 cm interval. The maximum concentrations (depth cm) of PCDDs/DFs, co-PCBs, and PAHs were 25.2 ng/g dry (30-35 cm), 19.0 ng/g dry (30-35 cm), and 738, 795 ng/g dry (50-55 cm, 30-35 cm), respectively. Age and sedimentation rate of the sediment were estimated from the vertical changes in apparent density. Deposition rate of dioxins and PAHs were calculated from the concentration and sedimentation rate of the sediment. The results indicate that large amounts of dioxins and PAHs flowed into the lake in flood stage compared to normal stage. CapsuleLarge amounts of dioxins and PAHs flowed into a lake in flood events

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“…The sawmill site has been contaminated for decades by spills of Dowicide G, the sodium pentachlorophenate (NaPCP) preservative from Dow Sweden Ltd. (Persson et al, 2007;Länsstyrelsen Värmland, 2010;Henriksson et al, 2013). Dowicide G and other chlorophenolbased preservatives contained polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), unintentionally formed during their fabrication (Rappe and Garå, 1978, Hagenmaier and Brunner, 1987, Masunaga et al, 2001). An earlier study showed that a soil sample from the preservation area had a PCDD/Fs concentration of 690,000 ng TEQ WHO2005 /kg d.w. (Henriksson et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%