Identification of Predictable Biomarkers in Conjunction to Framingham Risk Score to Predict the Risk for Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Non Cardiac Subjects

Reddy, Rama Krishna; Mahendra, Jaideep; Gurumurthy, Prema; Jayamathi,; Babu, Sai

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2015/9089.5589

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This study showed that Framingham risk score used in prediction of risk for CVD in individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis was significantly correlated with OPG. In agreement with our study, Reddy et al (44) observed that the atherosclerotic biomarkers such as OPG and e-selectin, leptin and Ox-LDL were elevated among the study groups with a definite risk of CVD as compared to the control group. Pearson's correlation showed a significant association between the individual risk score (30 years FRS for CVD) of individuals, and the above biomarkers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Elevated Circulating Osteoprotegerin Levels in the Plasma of Hemodialyzed Patients With Severe Artery Calcification

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We studied the correlations between circulating osteoprotegerin (OPG) level and radial artery calcification (RAC) assessed histologically and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT). Moreover, we studied the relationship between OPG levels and all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality during a 5-year observation period. The study comprised 59 CKD patients (36 hemodialyzed (HD), 23 predialysis). The biochemical parameters included: creatinine, calcium, phosphate, intact parathormone, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor receptor II (TNFRII), transforming growth factor-β, hepatocyte growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 23, osteonectin (ON), osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, and osteocalcin. CCA-IMT and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques was assessed by ultrasound. Fragments of radial artery obtained during creation of HD access were prepared for microscopy and stained for calcifications with alizarin red. RAC was detected in 34 patients (58%). In multiple regression adjusted for dialysis status, TNFRII, ON and Framingham risk score (FRS) were identified as the independent predictors of OPG. Serum OPG above the median value of 7.55 pmol/L significantly predicted the presence of RAC in simple logistic regression (OR 5.33; 95%CI 1.39-20.4; P = 0.012) and in multiple logistic regression adjusted for FRS, dialysis status and CCA-IMT values (OR 6.56; 95%CI 1.06-40.6; P = 0.036). OPG levels above the median were associated with higher CCA-IMT values (1.02 ± 0.10 vs. 0.86 ± 0.13; P < 0.001) and predicted the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid artery (OR 14.4; 95%CI 2.84-72.9; P < 0.001), independently of FRS, dialysis status and RAC. In this study, elevated serum OPG levels correlated with higher CCA-IMT, the presence of atherosclerotic plaques and the severity of the RAC independently of each other. During follow-up, 25 patients (42%) died, including 21 due to CV causes. In multiple Cox regression, OPG above the median predicted overall survival independently of dialysis status, Framingham risk score, CCA-IMT above the median value, and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in CCA, but not independently of RAC. We postulate that circulating OPG may play a dual role as a marker for both medial arterial calcification and atherosclerosis, hence it seems to be a valuable tool for assessing CV risk in patients with CKD. OPG might be an early indicator of all-cause mortality in CKD patients with advanced medial arterial calcification.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Elevated Circulating Osteoprotegerin Levels in the Plasma of Hemodialyzed Patients With Severe Artery Calcification

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Using an otherwise healthy cohort, we also observed that the TAC/HPX ratio was associated with the Framingham risk score (FRS), an established CVD risk predictor, which was independent of the conventional CVD risk markers such as LDL-C, HDL-C and blood pressure [ 255 ]. This association is consistent with earlier reports in which FRS was associated with other serum oxidative stress-linked biomarkers such as peroxiredoxin [ 261 ], γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) [ 262 ], bilirubin [ 263 ], glutathione redox state [ 56 ], oxidised disulphide cysteine [ 264 ], oxidised phospholipids [ 265 ], oxidised LDL [ 266 ], 9-hydroxy eicosatetraenoic acids, and F2-isoprostanes [ 57 ]. Collectively, these data suggested that changes in plasma redox balance, especially in the preclinical stage when the person is assumed to be healthy, may reflect an individual’s early biochemical shift toward disease.…”

Section: Evidence That Changes In Lifestyle-linked Oxidative Stressupporting

confidence: 91%

The Potential Benefit of Monitoring Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)

Seyedsadjadi

Grant

2020

Antioxidants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The significant increase in worldwide morbidity and mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) indicates that the efficacy of existing strategies addressing this crisis may need improvement. Early identification of the metabolic irregularities associated with the disease process may be a key to developing early intervention strategies. Unhealthy lifestyle behaviours are well established drivers of the development of several NCDs, but the impact of such behaviours on health can vary considerably between individuals. How can it be determined if an individual’s unique set of lifestyle behaviours is producing disease? Accumulating evidence suggests that lifestyle-associated activation of oxidative and inflammatory processes is primary driver of the cell and tissue damage which underpins the development of NCDs. However, the benefit of monitoring subclinical inflammation and oxidative activity has not yet been established. After reviewing relevant studies in this context, we suggest that quantification of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers during the disease-free prodromal stage of NCD development may have clinical relevance as a timely indicator of the presence of subclinical metabolic changes, in the individual, portending the development of disease. Monitoring markers of oxidative and inflammatory activity may therefore enable earlier and more efficient strategies to both prevent NCD development and/or monitor the effectiveness of treatment.

show abstract

“…Several risk factors have been proposed as potential markers for improved detection of subclinical atherosclerosis. In particular, physical measurements such as neck circumference [ 21 ] and abdominal adiposity [ 22 ]; inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) [ 23 ]; lipid parameters such as oxidized LDL; adhesion molecules such as E-selectin; cytokines such as osteoprotegerin; and adipokines such as leptin [ 24 ], have all been associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in different ethnic groups. However, each of these factors provides only a rather limited information for cardiovascular risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels are related to subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes

Xiao

Liu

et al. 2015

Cardiovasc Diabetol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a glucose and lipid metabolic regulator, has recently been demonstrated to be associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as carotid atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and carotid artery plaques. However, the relationship between circulating FGF21 and subclinical atherosclerosis or atherosclerosis of other arteries such as the femoral and iliac artery remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the association of serum FGF21 with intima-media thickness (IMT) and subclinical atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients.MethodsSerum FGF21 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 212 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients without clinical symptoms of atherosclerosis or cardiovascular diseases. IMT of the carotid, femoral, and iliac arteries were measured by high-resolution B-mode ultrasound to determine the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis, which was defined as having an IMT > 1.0 mm and/or plaque on one or more of the three arteries without any clinical manifestations. The relationship between serum FGF21 levels and subclinical atherosclerosis was analyzed.ResultsSerum FGF21 levels were significantly higher in patients with subclinical atherosclerosis compared to those without [261.3 (135.1–396.4) versus 144.9 (95.9–223.0) ng/L, P < 0.001]. These differences were also observed in both men and women with subclinical atherosclerosis compared to their respective groups without [men: 243.2 (107.6–337.0) versus 136.8 (83.6–212.8) ng/L, P = 0.048; women: 292.4 (174.2–419.9) versus 160.4 (115.3–258.5) ng/L, P = 0.001]. Moreover, serum FGF21 levels showed a significantly positive correlation with carotid IMT in women (r = 0.23, P = 0.018) and with iliac IMT in both genders (women: r = 0.27, P = 0.005; men: r = 0.22, P = 0.024). Multiple logistic regression analysis further showed that serum FGF21 was an independent impact factor for subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.ConclusionsSerum FGF21 is elevated in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, and positively correlates with carotid and iliac lesions in patients with subclinical atherosclerosis, especially in women. High levels of FGF21 may be a compensatory reaction to offset atherosclerosis.

show abstract

Identification of Predictable Biomarkers in Conjunction to Framingham Risk Score to Predict the Risk for Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Non Cardiac Subjects

Abstract: We conclude the application E-Selectin, leptin, OPG and Ox-LDL as biomarkers along with the framingham risk scores in prediction risk for CVD in the individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis. It is more reliable and predictable as compared to the individual biomarkers alone.

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Elevated Circulating Osteoprotegerin Levels in the Plasma of Hemodialyzed Patients With Severe Artery Calcification

Elevated Circulating Osteoprotegerin Levels in the Plasma of Hemodialyzed Patients With Severe Artery Calcification

The Potential Benefit of Monitoring Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)

Serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels are related to subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About