Identification of products produced by the anaerobic degradation of rutin and related flavonoids by <i>Butyrivibrio</i> sp. C<sub>3</sub>

Krishnamurty, H. G.; Cheng, K.-J.; Jones, Graham A.; Simpson, F. J.; Watkin, J. E.

doi:10.1139/m70-129

Cited by 58 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Additionally, the selected bacteria measured in this study may not be representative of all bacteria responsible for (poly)phenol metabolism found in the colon such as Enterococcus casseliflavus [53,79] Butyrivibrio spp. [80], and Bacteroides distasonis [58], and may have been influenced by the nutrients in the low-polyphenolic diet (although the impact of such a short-term intervention on bacterial populations themselves is not clear). Based on this study's finding, the differences in colonic fermentation between groups, as modeled in vitro, are unlikely to be linked to the differences seen in the urinary phenolic acid excretion between groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The urinary phenolic acid profile varies between younger and older adults after a polyphenol-rich meal despite limited differences in in vitro colonic catabolism

2018

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Purpose To investigate whether age influences colonic polyphenol metabolism. Methods Healthy participants, younger (n = 8; 23-43 years) and older (n = 13; 51-76 years), followed a 3-day low-polyphenol diet (LPD) and a 3-day high-polyphenol diet (HPD). Urinary phenolic acids (PA), short chain fatty acids (SCFA), pH and gas were monitored, alongside selected colonic bacteria. Human faecal in vitro fermentations of rutin with or without raftiline were used to evaluate the gut microbiota capacity in a subset of both groups. Results Total urinary PA were higher in the older group after HPD compared to the younger group (1.5-fold; p = 0.04), with no difference between groups in terms of a change between diets (Δ high-low diet). While 17 PA were detected in all younger participants after HPD, a narrower range (n = 8 to 16 PA) was detected in most (n = 9/13) older participants, with lower level of benzoic acid (19-fold; p = 0.03), vanillic acid (4.5-fold; p = 0.04) but higher hippuric acid (2.7-fold; p = 0.03). Faecal SCFA concentration did not change after HPD within group, with similar differential excretion (Δ high-low diet) between groups. There were no differences between groups for faecal pH, total, faecal bacteria including Flavonifractor plautii, bifidobacteria, and bacteroides. In human in vitro faecal fermentations, seven PAs were detected in both groups after 24 h of rutin fermentation, with no quantitative and modest qualitative differences between groups. Total SCFA in faecal fermentation did not differ between groups, except for butyric acid (twofold higher in the older group; p = 0.009) when rutin was fermented with raftiline over 24 h. Conclusions Urinary phenolic acids were less diverse in older participants despite limited difference in functional capacity of in vitro faecal fermentations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The urinary phenolic acid profile varies between younger and older adults after a polyphenol-rich meal despite limited differences in in vitro colonic catabolism

2018

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“…(27), and a Butyrivibrio sp. (26). Flavonoid degradation pathways have been well studied in the intestinal flora.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An early study on flavonoid degradation by a soil pseudomonad speculated on the presence of oxygenases based on the oxidation products and proposed that the degradation proceeded via protocatechuate production (46). The anaerobic degradation of flavonoids by the intestinal microflora, in comparison to the aerobic pathways, has been well documented, and several reports describe the reduction and dehydroxylation reactions leading to phloroglucinol formation (10,15,26,43,44,54,55).This study was undertaken to elucidate the pathway for utilization of the archetypal flavonoid, quercetin, in a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strain of Pseudomonas putida which can also grow on naringenin, daidzein, apigenin, hespertin, naringin, protocatechuate, p-hydroxy benzaldehyde, or p-hydroxy benzoic acid as the sole carbon source. In order to understand the catabolism of quercetin in Pseudomonas, we constructed several transposon insertion mutants defective in flavonoid catabolism and compared the metabolic profiles of pathway intermediates in the cultures of wild-type and three mutant strains by using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…Efficient utilization of these metabolites can lead to a positive selection of the utilizers. It is, therefore, not surprising that several secondary metabolite degraders have been reported (8,22,23,26,39,41,52,55). Flavonoids belong to a class of 15-carbon secondary metabolites that have a three-ringed structure and are mostly found conjugated with glycosides.…”

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Elucidation of the Flavonoid Catabolism Pathway in Pseudomonas putida PML2 by Comparative Metabolic Profiling

Pillai

Swarup

2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Flavonoids are 15-carbon plant secondary metabolites exuded in the rhizosphere that hosts several flavonoid-degrading bacteria. We studied flavonoid catabolism in a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strain of Pseudomonas by using a combination of biochemical and genetic approaches. Transposants carrying miniTn5gfp insertions were screened for flavonoid auxotrophy, and these mutant strains were found to be unable to grow in the flavonols naringenin and quercetin, while their growth in glycerol was comparable to that of the parental strain. In order to understand flavonoid catabolism, culture supernatants, whole-cell fractions, cell lysate, and cell debris of the wild-type and mutant strains were analyzed. Intermediates that accumulated intracellularly and those secreted in the medium were identified by a combination of reversed-phase highpressure liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Structures of four key intermediates were confirmed by one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Comparative metabolic profiling of the compounds in the wild-type and mutant strains allowed us to understand the degradation events and to identify six metabolic intermediates. The first step in the pathway involves 3,3-didehydroxylation, followed by hydrolysis and cleavage of the C-ring, leading via subsequent oxidations to the formation of protocatechuate. This is the first report on quercetin dehydroxylation in aerobic conditions leading to naringenin accumulation.A diverse group of compounds of plant origin are ubiquitously exuded into the rhizosphere by roots. Such compounds are known to affect microbial growth by serving as nutrient sources, through their antimicrobial activities, or by directly affecting microbial gene expression (12,13,16,18,31,34,36,42,51,53). Among the various root exudates, the most diverse classes of signal molecules are the plant secondary metabolites. Efficient utilization of these metabolites can lead to a positive selection of the utilizers. It is, therefore, not surprising that several secondary metabolite degraders have been reported (8,22,23,26,39,41,52,55). Flavonoids belong to a class of 15-carbon secondary metabolites that have a three-ringed structure and are mostly found conjugated with glycosides. Due to their rich carbon content, flavonoids have potential significance as nutritional sources, whereas their complex structures allow them to have diverse pharmacological and physiological effects (30).Several microbes, such as Rhizobia, Agrobacterium, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Rhodococcus spp., that exist in the rhizosphere are known to participate in the breakdown or degradation of flavonoids (2, 3). Although, some mechanisms have been proposed, the pathways were not elucidated. A survey of flavonoid-degrading rhizobial strains revealed that flavonoids were generally cleaved via C-ring fission (38, 39). In particular, there is a dearth of information on the biochemical and genetic aspects of catabolism of flavonoids in Pseudomonas spp. An early stud...

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Aktueller Kenntnisstand zum Metabolismus von Flavonoiden I. Resorption und Metabolismus von Flavonolen

Heilmann

Merfort

1998

Pharmazie in unserer Zeit

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Identification of products produced by the anaerobic degradation of rutin and related flavonoids by Butyrivibrio sp. C₃

Cited by 58 publications

References 15 publications

The urinary phenolic acid profile varies between younger and older adults after a polyphenol-rich meal despite limited differences in in vitro colonic catabolism

The urinary phenolic acid profile varies between younger and older adults after a polyphenol-rich meal despite limited differences in in vitro colonic catabolism

Elucidation of the Flavonoid Catabolism Pathway in Pseudomonas putida PML2 by Comparative Metabolic Profiling

Aktueller Kenntnisstand zum Metabolismus von Flavonoiden I. Resorption und Metabolismus von Flavonolen

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Identification of products produced by the anaerobic degradation of rutin and related flavonoids by Butyrivibrio sp. C3

Cited by 58 publications

References 15 publications

The urinary phenolic acid profile varies between younger and older adults after a polyphenol-rich meal despite limited differences in in vitro colonic catabolism

The urinary phenolic acid profile varies between younger and older adults after a polyphenol-rich meal despite limited differences in in vitro colonic catabolism

Elucidation of the Flavonoid Catabolism Pathway in Pseudomonas putida PML2 by Comparative Metabolic Profiling

Aktueller Kenntnisstand zum Metabolismus von Flavonoiden I. Resorption und Metabolismus von Flavonolen

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Identification of products produced by the anaerobic degradation of rutin and related flavonoids by Butyrivibrio sp. C₃