Identification of proline, 1‐pyrroline‐5‐carboxylate and glutamic acid as biomarkers of depression reflecting brain metabolism using carboxylomics, a new metabolomics method

Zhou, Na; Zhao, Yiran; Fang, Yichao; Li, Na; Zhang, Xin; Wang, Xuan; Li, Yunxia; Wu, Jian‐Lin; Zhou, Tingting

doi:10.1111/pcn.13517

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In another recent report analyzing individuals of both genders (21-61 years of age), serum proline levels were up-regulated in the group diagnosed with depression, when compared to the healthy controls. This study also demonstrated higher proline levels in rats submitted to chronic mild unpredictable stress [47]. When the urinary concentrations of proline and hydroxyproline were analyzed in patients diagnosed with depression, anxiety, and stress (mean age of 34 years, both genders), the results showed that anxiety was positively correlated to proline, while hydroxyproline was weakly associated with stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Targeted Analysis of Plasma Polar Metabolites in Postmenopausal Depression

Naufel,

Pedroso,

de Souza

et al. 2024

Metabolites

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Depression will be the disease with the highest incidence worldwide by 2030. Data indicate that postmenopausal women have a higher incidence of mood disorders, and this high vulnerability seems to be related to hormonal changes and weight gain. Although research evaluating the profile of metabolites in mood disorders is advancing, further research, maintaining consistent methodology, is necessary to reach a consensus. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to carry out an exploratory analysis of the plasma polar metabolites of pre- and postmenopausal women to explore whether the profile is affected by depression. The plasma analysis of 50 polar metabolites was carried out in a total of 67 postmenopausal women, aged between 50 and 65 years, either without depression (n = 25) or with depression symptoms (n = 42), which had spontaneous onset of menopause and were not in use of hormone replacement therapy, insulin, or antidepressants; and in 42 healthy premenopausal women (21 without depression and 21 with depression symptoms), aged between 40 and 50 years and who were not in use of contraceptives, insulin, or antidepressants. Ten metabolites were significantly affected by depression symptoms postmenopause, including adenosine (FDR = 3.778 × 10−14), guanosine (FDR = 3.001 × 10−14), proline (FDR = 1.430 × 10−6), citrulline (FDR = 0.0001), lysine (FDR = 0.0004), and carnitine (FDR = 0.0331), which were down-regulated, and dimethylglycine (FDR = 0.0022), glutathione (FDR = 0.0048), creatine (FDR = 0.0286), and methionine (FDR = 0.0484) that were up-regulated. In premenopausal women with depression, oxidized glutathione (FDR = 0.0137) was down-regulated, and dimethylglycine (FDR = 0.0406) and 4-hydroxyproline (FDR = 0.0433) were up-regulated. The present study provided new data concerning the consequences of depression on plasma polar metabolites before and after the establishment of menopause. The results demonstrated that the postmenopausal condition presented more alterations than the premenopausal period and may indicate future measures to treat the disturbances involved in both menopause and depression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Targeted Analysis of Plasma Polar Metabolites in Postmenopausal Depression

Naufel,

Pedroso,

de Souza

et al. 2024

Metabolites

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“…The supernatants were dried. Then, the residues were derivatized through our previously reported approach − respectively. SCFAs were analyzed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-triple/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Supplementation Significantly Activates T-Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity and Enhances Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Efficacy in Colorectal Cancer

Li,

Zhou,

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) is a prebiotic with immunomodulatory effects. However, the therapeutic potential of GLP in tumor immunotherapy has not been fully explored, especially in T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. In this study, we found that GLP significantly inhibited tumor growth and activated antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer (CRC). In the spleens and tumor tissues, the proportion of cytotoxic CD8 + T cells and Th1 helper cells increased, while immunosuppressive Tregs decreased. Additionally, microbiota dysbiosis was alleviated by GLP, and short-chain fatty acid production was increased. Meanwhile, GLP decreased the ratio of kynurenine and tryptophan (Kyn/Trp) in the serum, which contributed to antitumor immunity of T cells. More importantly, the combination of GLP and the immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody further enhanced the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Thus, GLP as a prebiotic has the potential to be used in tumor immunotherapy.

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“…Significant differences in glycine, L-threonine, and D-methionine between late-life depression patients and controls were revealed by this method [14]. Sensitive Profiling ChemoSelective Derivatization Carboxylomics (SPCSDCarboxyl) was proposed by Zhou's group in 2023 for the analysis of carboxylic acids using 5-(diisopropylamino) amylamine derivatization and ultra-performance LC-quadrupole time-of-flight MS (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) [15]. Two hundred and eight metabolites were identified in the serum of depressed patients using SPCSDCarboxyl, and a combination of proline, 1-pyrroline-5carboxylate, and glutamic acid could distinguish between patients and healthy controls.…”

Section: Lc-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in Major Depressive Disorder Research

Liu,

Ma,

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious mental illness with a heavy social burden, but its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics is providing new insights into the heterogeneous pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of MDD by revealing multi-parametric biomarker signatures at the metabolite level. In this comprehensive review, recent developments of MS-based metabolomics in MDD research are summarized from the perspective of analytical platforms (liquid chromatography-MS, gas chromatography-MS, supercritical fluid chromatography-MS, etc.), strategies (untargeted, targeted, and pseudotargeted metabolomics), key metabolite changes (monoamine neurotransmitters, amino acids, lipids, etc.), and antidepressant treatments (both western and traditional Chinese medicines). Depression sub-phenotypes, comorbid depression, and multi-omics approaches are also highlighted to stimulate further advances in MS-based metabolomics in the field of MDD research.

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Identification of proline, 1‐pyrroline‐5‐carboxylate and glutamic acid as biomarkers of depression reflecting brain metabolism using carboxylomics, a new metabolomics method

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Targeted Analysis of Plasma Polar Metabolites in Postmenopausal Depression

Targeted Analysis of Plasma Polar Metabolites in Postmenopausal Depression

Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Supplementation Significantly Activates T-Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity and Enhances Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Efficacy in Colorectal Cancer

Recent Progress in Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in Major Depressive Disorder Research

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