Identification of pumas (Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771)) through faeces: a comparison between morphological and molecular methods

Ra, Miotto; Ciocheti, Giordano; Fp, Rodrigues; Pm, Galetti

doi:10.1590/s1519-69842007000500023

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Vázquez et al (2000) estudaram os pêlos de carnívoros argentinos, e concluíram que a morfologia dos felídeos era excessivamente similar para permitir a diferenciação ao nível de espécies, e prefiriu agrupá-los em dois grupos de espécies de morfologia tricológica similar (Pequenos felídeos e lontra sulamericana: Leopardus colocolo, Leopardus geoffroyi, Leopardus wiedii, Lontra longicaudis -Olfers, 1818; Grandes felinos: Panthera onca, Puma concolor). Miotto et al (2007) encontraram completa concordância nos resultados de análises tricológicas e métodos biomoleculares para identificar pêlos de carnívoros em fezes coletadas em campo (Cerdocyon thous -Linnaeus, 1766, Leopardus pardalis, Puma concolor, P.yagouaroundi). Quadros (2002) apresentou as características morfológicas dos pêlos de onze espécies de carnívoros brasileiros, e sugere que os felídeos estudados (Leopardus pardalis, L.tigrinus, L.wiedii, Puma concolor, P. yagouaroundi) podem ser diferenciados ao nível de espécie, embora reconheça que a identificação é muito sutil e de fácil confusão.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…10,no. 1 ser melhorada para níveis mais satisfatórios se o exame tricológico for complementado com observações de campo como rastros ou pegadas, microhábitat no local de coleta das fezes e morfologia fecal (Becker & Dalponte 1999, Chame 2003, embora também existam críticas à acurácia destas abordagens de campo (Miotto et al 2007). Para grandes números de amostras, a tricologia microscópica pode servir ainda como ferramenta de triagem para identificar generalidades taxonômicas dos pêlos estudados, enquanto técnicas biomoleculares podem ser aplicadas em uma segunda etapa para identificar com maior acurácia as espécies envolvidas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Os felídeos neotropicais são um grupo particularmente desafiador em relação à identificação específica pelo exame microscópico de seus pêlos, e nem todas as espécies foram detalhadamente descritas e comparadas entre si (Chehébar & Martín 1989, Vázquez et al 2000, Quadros 2002, Miotto et al 2007). Oito espécies de felídeos selvagens ocorrem no Brasil (Oliveira & Cassaro 1999): Gato-palheiro Leopardus colocolo (Molina, 1782), Gato-do-mato-grande Leopardus geoffroyi (d'Orbigny & Gervais, 1844), Jaguatirica Leopardus pardalis (Linnaeus, 1758), Gato-do-mato-pequeno Leopardus tigrinus (Schreber, 1775), Gato-maracajá Leopardus wiedii (Schinz, 1821), Onça pintada Panthera onca (Linnaeus, 1758), Onça parda Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771) e Gato-mourisco Puma yagouaroundi (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803).…”

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Microestrutura de pêlos-guarda de felídeos Brasileiros: considerações para a identificação de espécies

2010

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VANSTREELS, R.E.T., RAMALHO, F.P. &ADANIA, C.H. Guard-hair microstructure of Brazilian felids: considerations for species identification. Biota Neotrop.10(1): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v10n1/en/ abstract?article+bn00910012010. Abstract:The analysis of cuticle and medulla hair microstructure is a simple and inexpensive technique to identify mammal species for a variety of applications. We studied the guard-hairs of 66 individuals of eight felid species occurring in Brazil (Leopardus colocolo, L.geoffroyi, L.pardalis, L.tigrinus, L.wiedii, Panthera onca, Puma concolor, Puma yagouaroundi), through hair samples collected from anesthetized zoo animals. The microstructure of the guard-hairs was analyzed and described through cuticle impressions and medulla preparations; a blind test was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of species identification. Although distinctive morphological characters could be identified for each species, the subtlety of these characters and the overlap of features among species resulted in a relatively poor accuracy (75%). The identification of pairs or trios of species whose hair has similar morphologies (Group A: L. pardalis, L. tigrinus, L. wiedii; Group B: L. colocolo, L. geoffroyi, P. yagouaroundi; Group C: P. concolor, P. onca) significantly improved accuracy (91%). The identification of Brazilian felids through the microstructure of their hair is challenging and requires careful examination of subtle features, and should be complemented by more accurate techniques and/or be limited mostly to applications where high accuracy is not essential or where a broader taxonomic scale is being evaluated. Keywords: Brazil, Felidae, guard-hair, tricology. VANSTREELS, R.E.T., RAMALHO, F.P. & ADANIA, C.H. Microestrutura de pêlos-guarda de felídeos brasileiros: considerações para a identificação de espécies. Biota Neotrop.10(1): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v10n1/ en/abstract?article+bn00910012010.Resumo: O exame da microestrutura da cutícula e medula dos pêlos é uma técnica simples e de baixo custo para identificar espécies de mamíferos para uma variedade de aplicações. Foram estudados pêlos-guarda de 66 indivíduos de oito espécies de felídeos brasileiros (Leopardus colocolo, L.geoffroyi, L.pardalis, L.tigrinus, L.wiedii, Panthera onca, Puma concolor, Puma yagouaroundi), através de amostras colhidas de animais anestesiados em zoológicos. A microestrutura dos pêlos-guarda foi analisada e descrita através de impressões cuticulares e preparações medulares, e posteriormente foi feito um teste cego para avaliar a acurácia da identificação específica. Embora tenham sido encontrados caracteres morfológicos distintos para cada espécie, a sutileza destes caracteres e sua sobreposição entre as diferentes espécies resultaram em uma acurácia relativamente baixa (75%). A identificação de pares ou trios de espécies cujos pêlos têm morfologia mais semelhante (Grupo A: L. pardalis, L. tigrinus, L. wiedii; Grupo B: L. colocolo, L. geoffroyi, P. yagouaroundi; Grupo C: P. concolor, P. onca) elevou a acu...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

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Microestrutura de pêlos-guarda de felídeos Brasileiros: considerações para a identificação de espécies

2010

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“…This technique has also been proven to be as consistent as molecular methods for identification of some Neotropical felids [75]. To test the accuracy of our identification through tricology, we conducted molecular analysis for 74% of the samples (N = 49).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape Use and Co-Occurrence Patterns of Neotropical Spotted Cats

et al. 2017

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Small felids influence ecosystem dynamics through prey and plant population changes. Although most of these species are threatened, they are accorded one of the lowest research efforts of all felids, and we lack basic information about them. Many felids occur in sympatry, where intraguild competition is frequent. Therefore, assessing the role of interspecific interactions along with the relative importance of landscape characteristics is necessary to understand how these species co-occur in space. Here, we selected three morphologically similar and closely related species of small Neotropical cats to evaluate the roles of interspecific interactions, geomorphometry, environmental, and anthropogenic landscape characteristics on their habitat use. We collected data with camera trapping and scat sampling in a large protected Atlantic forest remnant (35,000 ha). Throughout occupancy modeling we investigated whether these species occur together more or less frequently than would be expected by chance, while dealing with imperfect detection and incorporating possible habitat preferences into the models. We used occupancy as a measure of their habitat use. Although intraguild competition can be an important determinant of carnivore assemblages, in our system, we did not find evidence that one species affects the habitat use of the other. Evidence suggested that proximity to the nature reserve (a more protected area) was a more important driver of Neotropical spotted cats’ occurrence than interspecific interactions or geomorphometry and environmental landscape characteristics—even though our entire study area is under some type of protection. This suggests that small felids can be sensitive to the area protection status, emphasizing the importance of maintaining and creating reserves and other areas with elevated protection for the proper management and conservation of the group.

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“…29 scats from Año Nuevo and 13 scats from Younger Lagoon as coyote based on mtDNA evidence and/or the presence of coyote guard hairs (Miotto et al, 2007). To increase our sample size, we then used a quadratic discriminant function predictive morphometric model (Reid, 2015) to identify additional scats in our collection as coyote with > 60% probability (15 from Younger Lagoon, 5 from Año Nuevo).…”

Section: Modern Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Coyote (Canis latrans) use of marine resources in coastal California: A new behavior relative to their recent ancestors

2018

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Coyotes (Canis latrans) are known to consume marine foods, but the importance and persistence of marine subsidies to coyotes is unknown. Recent access to a marine subsidy, especially if gained following apex predator loss, may facilitate coyote expansion along coastal routes and amplify the effects of mesopredator release. Our goal was to quantify and contextualize past and present marine resource use by coyotes on the central coast of California via stable isotope analysis. We measured δ 13 C and δ 15 N values in coyotes, their competitors, and their food resources at two modern sites, seven archaeological sites spanning in age from ~3000 to 750 BP, and from historical (AD 1893-1992) coyote and grizzly bear hair and bone sourced from coastal counties. We found evidence for marine resource use by modern coastal California coyotes at one site, Año Nuevo, which hosts a mainland northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) breeding colony. Seals and sea lions account for ~20% of Año Nuevo coyote diet throughout the year and this marine subsidy likely positively impacts coyote population size. Isotopic data suggest that neither historic nor prehistoric coyotes consumed marinederived foods, even at sites near ancient mainland seal rookeries. Marine resource use by some contemporary California coyotes is a novel behavior relative to their recent ancestors. We hypothesize that human alteration of the environment through extirpation of the California grizzly bear and the more recent protection of marine mammals likely enabled this behavioral shift.

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Identification of pumas (Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771)) through faeces: a comparison between morphological and molecular methods

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Microestrutura de pêlos-guarda de felídeos Brasileiros: considerações para a identificação de espécies

Microestrutura de pêlos-guarda de felídeos Brasileiros: considerações para a identificação de espécies

Landscape Use and Co-Occurrence Patterns of Neotropical Spotted Cats

Coyote (Canis latrans) use of marine resources in coastal California: A new behavior relative to their recent ancestors

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