Identification of risk factors for prevention and early diagnosis of a-symptomatic post-menopausal women

Ferrer, Javier; Neyro, José Luís; Estévez, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2005.06.017

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Compared to studies outside of the United States, the results of the present study are comparable to the study in Iran [27] and lower than studies in Korea [28], Turkey [29] and the United Kingdom [30]. In terms of lifetime risk, the result of 5.3% in present study is consistently lower than all other studies in the U.S. (12.3%) [31], Iran (9.0%) [27], Korea (7.9%) [28], Turkey (15%) [29] and the United Kingdom (9.0%) [30]. In addition, the proportion of Chinese women who had a five-year risk > 1.66% were also lower than the other studies [28,30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Breast Cancer Risk Assessment and Gail Model among Chinese Women

Wu¹

2015

J Epid Prev Med

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Purpose: The Gail Model has been used to quantify an individual woman's risk of developing breast cancer with clinical parameters; however, limited information has been available for application of this model among Chinese women. The aim of the present study was to estimate the five-year and lifetime breast cancer risk among women in Shanghai, China. Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, a total of 2,340 women residing in Shanghai, China participated using the Gail Model to estimate their relative risk for breast cancer. Participants were ≥35 years of age without a history of breast cancer. Results:The mean age of the study subjects was 52.5 ± 10.8 years. Eighty-one women (3.5%) were classified as high-risk because their estimated five-year risk was over 1.66%. The estimated mean values for the five-year risk and lifetime risk for breast cancer were 0.73 ± 0.009% and 5.25 ± 0.005% respectively among study participants. For the lifetime risk, 17.6% of the women participants had a higher risk than the average woman. The risk increased with age and the history of breast cancer in the family among the study sample. Conclusion:Overall, Chinese women in this study population were found to have comparable five-year risk of breast cancer but a lower lifetime risk based on the risk assessment of the Gail Model. Considering the rapid increase in breast cancer incidence in recent decades in China, the development of breast cancer models targeting the Chinese female population is needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Breast Cancer Risk Assessment and Gail Model among Chinese Women

Wu¹

2015

J Epid Prev Med

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“…Menopause may act as a risk factor, directly, by reducing the beneficial effects of ovarian hormones upon cardiovascular functions and, indirectly, by negatively influencing Correspondence: Dr G. M. Trovato, Via Sant'Orsola 30, 95131 Catania, Italy other risk factors for coronary artery disease (hyperinsulinemia, blood cholesterol, blood pressure, coagulation, etc.) 4,5 . However, an increased resistance index in the renal artery (a circulatory marker of arterial hypertension) is not directly associated with the menopausal loss of ovarian function 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, an increased resistance index in the renal artery (a circulatory marker of arterial hypertension) is not directly associated with the menopausal loss of ovarian function 6 . The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increases from the time of the menopausal transition to the postmenopausal phase, together with several features including stored intra-abdominal fat and a shift toward an atherogenic lipid profile with increased insulin levels [5][6][7] . Insulin resistance, present in approximately 25% of the general population 8 , plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and is also associated with elevated blood pressure, high lipid levels and obesity [9][10][11][12] ; all these factors are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease 13,14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin resistance in postmenopausal women: concurrent effects of hormone replacement therapy and coffee

et al. 2008

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“…Women who have never given birth or who have given birth to their first child after age 30 are at high risk for BC (23) . Pregnancy at a young age is associated with a markedly reduced risk for BC (24) .…”

Section: Discussion:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Breast Cancer Risk Among Women Using the Gail Model, Egypt.

Mortada.¹

2017

IJAR

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The rationale of this study: breast cancer is an increasingglobal public health problem due to its high incidence and mortality. Lots of debates over the actualvalue of screening program at population level continue justifying, enthusiasm for risk-stratified screening is gaining momentum and can be useful for guiding public health strategies of breast cancer prevention. The Gail model is considered the best available means to quantify an individual woman's risk of developing BC and is crucial to provide risk-benefit analysis before deciding interventions designed to lower breast cancer risk. Objectives: to identify the mean five years and lifetime risk development of breast cancer among Egyptian women. Methods: cross sectional study conducted on a sample of 156 women attending family planning clinics using systematic random sampling technique. The instrument used is based on the information required for analysis by the Gail model. Results:after analyzing the collected data according to the Gail Model, about 30% of the sampled females had high risk for developing BC >1.66% with their mean five-year breast cancer risk was 1.53±1.49, and their mean lifetime breast cancer risk up to age 90 years was 20.54 ±11.86. Conculsions:our findings surges the need for BC screening services for early detection directed mainly for women with multiple risk factors making informed decisions about the screening methods best suited to their individual situations.

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Identification of risk factors for prevention and early diagnosis of a-symptomatic post-menopausal women

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Breast Cancer Risk Assessment and Gail Model among Chinese Women

Breast Cancer Risk Assessment and Gail Model among Chinese Women

Insulin resistance in postmenopausal women: concurrent effects of hormone replacement therapy and coffee

Assessment of Breast Cancer Risk Among Women Using the Gail Model, Egypt.

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