Identification of risk factors for rabies exposure and access to post-exposure prophylaxis in Chad

Madjadinan, Alladoumngar; Hattendorf, Jan; Mindekem, Rolande; Mbaipago, Nodjimbadem; Moyengar, Ronelngar; Gerber, Felix; Oussiguéré, Assandi; Naïssengar, Kemdongarti; Zinsstag, Jakob; Léchenne, Monique

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105484

Cited by 17 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Two studies reported an increase in MDV coverage following these activities [25,26], even though poor MDV coverage was also reported with the two other studies [27,28]. Mixed outcomes of awareness campaigns can be explained from Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) studies showing that higher knowledge does not always translate into adoption of preventive measures [30][31][32][33]. Several studies reported misconceptions about appropriate preventive measures following a rabies exposure like a bite [30,[34][35][36].…”

Section: Outcome 11 Rabies Is Prevented Through Increased Awareness and Improved Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mixed outcomes of awareness campaigns can be explained from Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) studies showing that higher knowledge does not always translate into adoption of preventive measures [30][31][32][33]. Several studies reported misconceptions about appropriate preventive measures following a rabies exposure like a bite [30,[34][35][36]. Nonetheless, information programs associated with MDV campaigns appear to have provided measurable contributions to the effectiveness of control programs in Latin America [30,37].…”

Section: Outcome 11 Rabies Is Prevented Through Increased Awareness and Improved Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies reported misconceptions about appropriate preventive measures following a rabies exposure like a bite [30,[34][35][36]. Nonetheless, information programs associated with MDV campaigns appear to have provided measurable contributions to the effectiveness of control programs in Latin America [30,37]. Various sources of rabies information are available, including online platforms such as those of GARC, World Animal Protection (WAP), and OIE that provide Information, Education and Communication (IEC) materials [25], and some countries mandate that ministries provide IEC materials [38].…”

Section: Outcome 11 Rabies Is Prevented Through Increased Awareness and Improved Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human rabies: prospects for elimination

et al. 2021

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Almost half of all countries in the world are effectively free of human deaths from dog-mediated rabies. But the disease still affects people in low- and middle-income countries, especially the rural poor, and children. Successful regional elimination of human rabies is attributable to advances in significant and sustained investment in dog vaccination, post-exposure vaccination and surveillance, illustrated by productive efforts to reduce human rabies in Latin America over the last 35 years. Nonetheless, countries still facing endemic rabies face significant barriers to elimination. Using the 2017 Global Strategic Plan to end human rabies deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030 as a reference point and an organizing framework, we assess progress toward global rabies elimination by examining the characteristics of successful regional control efforts and barriers to elimination. Although substantive barriers exist for countries where rabies remains endemic, advances in knowledge, technology, institutions, and economics provide a basis for optimism.

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Section: Outcome 11 Rabies Is Prevented Through Increased Awareness and Improved Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Outcome 11 Rabies Is Prevented Through Increased Awareness and Improved Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Outcome 11 Rabies Is Prevented Through Increased Awareness and Improved Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human rabies: prospects for elimination

et al. 2021

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“…Several studies assessing the community's awareness of canine mediated rabies in endemic countries through knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) studies have resulted in an overall improvement in the community's knowledge of the disease; however, gaps in the knowledge and misinformation regarding the disease remain, especially in the rural and socio-economically poor sectors of the community (Tiwari et al 2019b). Not surprisingly, crucial information about the disease eludes the most vulnerable populations, such as school-age children, families with children less than 14 years of age and religious groups that support FRD in the human settlements (Madjadinan et al 2020;Tiwari et al 2019a). Besides the lack of knowledge about the disease, misplaced attitudes of the communities in endemic countries persist regarding post-bite management of wounds, such as applying traditional therapies and belief in local priests to provide relief through religious rituals (Singh et al 2020;Jemberu et al 2013).…”

Section: (A) Knowledge Attitudes and Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even as the problem of remoteness is being addressed by many countries ensuring the availability of PEP at local levels (Tiwari et al 2018b), the challenges of lack of storage facilities, maintenance of cold chain and inaccurate forecasting of the amount required in rural areas remained (Abela-Ridder et al 2016). Few studies have explored alternatives to the absence of a cold chain as a barrier to transporting and stocking PEP in remote health facilities (Madjadinan et al 2020).…”

Section: (A) Knowledge Attitudes and Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eliminating dog-mediated rabies: challenges and strategies

2021

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Rabies is an acute encephalitis caused by a lyssavirus. It is primarily transmitted through bites of infected dogs which results in the worldwide death of an estimated 59000 humans every year. The disease is preventable through the application of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and its elimination has been demonstrated in many countries by applying multiple interventions simultaneously. Nonetheless, rabies is still widespread in many developing countries, primarily due to the poor implementation of intervention strategies that include inadequate dog-bite wound management practices, unavailability/unaffordability of PEP by the communities, failure to control the disease in free-roaming dogs and wildlife, improper dog population management, weak surveillance and diagnostic facilities and a lack of a One Health approach to the disease. In this review, strategies to control dog-mediated rabies through a One Health approach were discussed. We recommend applying multiple interventions against the disease by involving all the concerned stakeholders in selected urban and rural areas of the countries where rabies is endemic. An empirical demonstration of disease freedom in the selected areas through a One Health approach is needed to convince policymakers to invest in rabies prevention and control on the national level. This multifaceted One Health control model will enhance the likelihood of achieving the goal of global rabies eradication by 2030.

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