Identification of risk for wheezing at home by caregivers

Abstract

Objective: to investigate the ability of caregivers in identification of risk factors for wheezing existing residences of children wheezing and/or asthmatic children under five years. Method: this about an exploratory, cross-sectional study, from quantitative approach, performed with caregivers of children wheezing and/or asthma assisted in two Family Health Units in Jaboatão dos Guararapes city, Pernambuco, Brasil. Data were collected with the use of two techniques: interviews and field observation after the study has been approved by the Ethics in Research from University of Pernambuco, protocol number 314/09 (CAAE 0312.0.172.000-09). Results: the main triggers for crises wheezing identified by the caregivers were cold (95%), exposure to allergens dust (87,5%) and temperature changes (85%). Among the bedrooms observed by the researchers, 72,5% had a cement floor, 87,5% curtains, 65% were not airy;17,5% had passive exposure to smoke. It was found that none of the children wore pillow and foam mattress with adequate cover properly. Conclusion: most of the households, the caregivers recognized the triggers of wheezing, however, only a minority made environmental changes and behavioral. Descriptors: asthma; child; respiratory sounds; risk factors. RESUMOObjetivo: investigar a capacidade dos cuidadores na identificação dos fatores de risco para sibilância existentes no domicílio de crianças sibilantes e/ou asmáticas menores de cinco anos. Método: estudo do tipo exploratório, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com cuidadores de crianças sibilantes e/ou asmáticas assistidas em duas Unidades de Saúde da Família na cidade de Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Pernambuco, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados com o emprego de duas técnicas: entrevista e observação de campo. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco sob número de protocolo número 314/09 (CAAE 0312.0.172.000-09). Resultados: os principais desencadeantes para as crises de sibilância, identificados por cuidadores, foram o resfriado (95%), exposição aos alérgenos da poeira (87,5%) e mudanças de temperatura (85%). Entre os dormitórios observados pelas pesquisadoras, 72,5% apresentavam piso de cimento; 87,5 cortinas; 65% não eram arejados; em 17,5% havia exposição passiva ao fumo. Constatou-se que nenhuma das crianças usava travesseiro e colchão de espuma com capa adequada. Conclusão: na maioria dos domicílios, os cuidadores reconheciam os fatores desencadeantes das crises de sibilância, entretanto, apenas a minoria realizou mudanças ambientais e comportamentais. Descritores: asma; criança; sibilo; fatores de risco.RESUMENObjetivo: investigar la capacidad de los cuidadores em la identificación de factores de riesgo para sibilancias residencias existentes sibilancias de los niños y/o ninõs asmáticos menores de cinco anos. Método: és el estúdio exploratório, de corte transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado com cuidadores de los ninõs con sibilancias y/o asma asistudos en dos Unidades de Salud Familiar en la ciudad de Jaboatão dos Guararapes,Pernambuco, Brasil. El los datos fueron recogidos mediante dos técnicas: entrevista y observación de campo. El etúdio fue aprobado por la Etica em Pesquisa de la Universidad de Pernambuco con número de protocolo 314/09 (CAAE 0312.0.172.00-09). Resultados: los principales factores desencadenates de las crisis sibilancias identificados por los cuidadores o eran frios (95%), la exposición a los alérgenos polvo (87,5%) y los cabios de temperatura (85%). Entre los habitaciones observada por los investigadores, el 72,5% tênia piso de cemento, 87,5% cortinas, el 65% no fueron aireado y el 17,5% la exposición pasiva al humo. Se encontro que ninguno de los ninõs llevaban almohada y colchones de espuma con uma cubierta adecuada. Conclusión: en la mayoría de los hogares los cuidadores reconocen la activión de los sibilancias sin embargo, solo uma minoría llevado a cabo los câmbios ambientales y de comportamiento. Descriptores: asma; niño; ruídos respiratórios; factores de riesgo.

Prevalência de sibilância recorrente e seus fatores de risco

“…21 In a study, the presence of birds after birth showed to be significant with regard to the onset of episodes of recurrent wheezing (p < 0.03). 3 In another study, there was no association between wheezing in the first year of life and history of rhinitis and dermatitis in the family, smoking by other family members, intake of processed foods by the nursling, maternal education level, number of siblings, etc. 22 Recurrent wheezing is a public health problem.…”

“…1 Wheezing poses a great burden of care to parents, as well as to the health care system. 2 In the first year of life, most consultations and hospitalizations in pediatrics is due to wheezing 3 , and recurrent wheezing results in an important increase in the use of health resources and a high economic cost, besides a compromised quality of life of patients and relatives. 4 The presence of recurrent wheezing in the first year of life may indicate the emergence of bronchial asthma in children.…”

Strategies of Families in the Care of Children With Chronic Diseases

“…In this study, among these adaptations, it was mentioned removing carpets, curtains, plants, pets, intensifying domestic hygiene as the most recommended measure for crisis prevention and ensuring safety and comfort. 20 Another care strategy used by the family is the inclusion of children with chronic disease in their own care. The knowledge that children with chronic diseases have about their infirmity and self-care requirements related to them, can give them basis for the continuation of adequate therapy and prevention of recurrence of the disease.…”