Climate change has been modifying our Earth system with an increasing number of extreme precipitation events, such as droughts, floods, tropical cyclones (hurricanes or typhoons), and winter storms (Stott, 2016). The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reported 308 climate disasters in the U.S. from 1980 to 2021 that cost more than $2 trillion (US dollars) (NOAA, 2021; https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/). The 2000s witnessed 63 climate events with a loss of $538.7 billion and 3,091 deaths, and the 2010s experienced 123 climate events with a loss of $844.7 billion and 5,224 deaths (NOAA). In the past year of 2021, there have been 20 lethal climate disasters in the U.S. that claimed 688 lives, in which 14 events occurred around the western and southern coasts, including the winter storm Uri in February 2021. Informing the mitigation measures for extreme precipitation events has become an urgent socioeconomic mission.Winter storms are listed as one of the most catastrophic hazards in the U.S., especially to the agriculture, public health, transportation, and critical lifelines (Zhang & Liang, 2021). The mid-and high-latitude areas are more vulnerable to winter storms with high severity and frequency (Vose et al., 2014). Winter storm damage estimations often consider the precipitation distribution, intensity, frequency, wind, temperature, power outage, and death toll (e.g.,