Identification of Soybean Genotypes for Pod Shattering Resistance Associated with Agronomical and Morphological Characters

Abstract

A yield loss caused by pod shattering is one of the obstacles to the improvement of soybean productivity in tropical areas. The aim of this study was to identify the resistance of soybean genotypes to pod shattering as affected by agronomical and morphological characters. The field study was conducted in Malang, Indonesia, using 150 soybean genotypes. Data were collected on agronomical traits, the percentage of pod shattering, and pod morphological traits. Identification for shattering resistance was done as per oven dry method. Percentage of pod shattering was ranged from 0 % up to 100 % shattering with a mean of 58.11 %. Pod shattering was found to be negatively correlated with a number of pod per plant, the thickness of the pod, and Y/Z (seed weight and pod weight ratio).

Selection of F6 soybean population for pod shattering resistance

“…Zhang and Bellaloui (2012) reported that different weather patterns, especially temperature and rainfall in a year could be essential factors affecting seed shattering patterns. Furthermore, the anatomical and morphological of the pod also reported determining the shattering resistant (Bara et al 2013;Krisnawati and Adie 2017;Zhang et al 2018). 3.1827 ** 0.1330 ** 16.51 Note: ** = significant at 1 % probability level (p < 0.01), ns = not significant, CV = coefficient of variation 1.96 Note: HR: highly resistant, R: resistant, M: moderately resistant, S: susceptible, HS: highly susceptible.…”

“…The selection method used for shattering resistance was an oven-dry method (Krisnawati and Adie 2017). When plants at R8 stage (leaves had started to turn yellow), three sample plants were randomly taken, and dried in the room temperature for three days in an upright position.…”

“…Pod shattering is the opening of pod wall causing dispersal of seed as the crop reaches maturity (Bhor et al 2014). The yield losses due to shattering may range from 34-99% (Tiwari and Bhatnagar 1991) depending on susceptibility of the variety, environmental factors (temperature and relative humidity), pod morphology and anatomy, and the duration of harvest delay after maturity (Zhang and Boahen 2010;Krisnawati and Adie 2017;Gaikwad and Bharud 2018;Zhang et al 2018).…”

“…Genotype SJ2 derived from Thailand was reported to be resistant to shattering, and had been used as gene source for genetic improvement of shattering resistant cultivars in Japan (Yamada et al 2009). In Indonesia, Krisnawati and Adie (2017) examined several soybean genotypes and reported that Anjasmoro variety was resistant, whereas Grobogan and Argomulyo varieties were susceptible to shattering. Soybean genotypes that exhibited resistant to highly resistant to pod shattering could be used as source of resistant genes in the soybean breeding program for shattering resistance.…”

Ascophyllum nodosum Extract (SealicitTM) Boosts Soybean Yield Through Reduction of Pod Shattering-Related Seed Loss and Enhanced Seed Production

“…In contrast to Arabidopsis and oilseed rape, where a mechanical test is the most common technique to measure pod firmness ( Morgan et al, 2001 ), the oven drying method is the most convenient and widely accepted assessment of pod shattering resistance in soybean. The test implemented during the course of these field trials was based on peer-reviewed published methods with minor modifications ( Funatsuki et al, 2014 ; Krisnawati and Adie, 2017 ; Krisnawatiorcid et al, 2020 ). First, harvested pod samples were allowed to equilibrate their moisture levels at room temperature.…”