Identification of species and sources of atmospheric chromophores by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix with parallel factor analysis

Chen, Qingcai; Li, Jinwen; Hua, Xiaoyu; Jiang, Xiaotong; Mu, Zhen; Wang, Mamin; Wang, Jin; Shan, Ming; Yang, Xudong; Fan, Xingjun; Song, Jianzhong; Wang, Yuqin; Guan, Dongjie; Du, Lin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137322

Cited by 86 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, the relative intensities of HULIS-1 are positively correlated with the mass fractions of calcium ions (r = 0.73, p < 0.01; Table S6). These results suggest a terrestrial origin (soil dust) of HULIS-1, which is consistent with previous studies of water systems and aerosols (Chen et al, 2016a(Chen et al, , 2020Stedmon et al, 2003). A strongly negative correlation between the contributions of HULIS-1 and nitrate mass fractions is found as well (r = −0.68, p < 0.01), reflecting the potentially important role of HULIS in snow nitrate photochemistry (Handley et al, 2007;Yang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Bulk Light-absorbing and Fluorescence Propertiessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The peak positions of each component are summarized in Table S4. C1 (HULIS-1) is a type of terrestrial-derived humic fluorophore with long emission wavelengths, commonly reported for samples of terrestrial aquatic systems and highly oxygenated organic aerosols (Chen et al, 2016a;Stedmon et al, 2003). C2 (HULIS-2) is usually recognized as a HULIS from marine sources (Coble, 1996) or phytoplankton degradation in fresh water (Zhang et al, 2010), and it was also detected in anthropogenic wastewater (Stedmon and Markager, 2005) and industrial-sourced aerosol (Chen et al, 2020).…”

Section: Bulk Light-absorbing and Fluorescence Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Measurement report: Molecular composition, optical properties, and radiative effects of water-soluble organic carbon in snowpack samples from northern Xinjiang, China

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in the cryosphere has an important impact on the biogeochemistry cycling and snow–ice surface energy balance through changes in the surface albedo. This work reports on the chemical characterization of WSOC in 28 representative snowpack samples collected across a regional area of northern Xinjiang, northwestern China. We employed multimodal analytical chemistry techniques to investigate both bulk and molecular-level composition of WSOC and its optical properties, informing the follow-up radiative forcing (RF) modeling estimates. Based on the geographic differences and proximity of emission sources, the snowpack collection sites were grouped as urban/industrial (U), rural/remote (R), and soil-influenced (S) sites, for which average WSOC total mass loadings were measured as 1968 ± 953 ng g−1 (U), 885 ± 328 ng g−1 (R), and 2082 ± 1438 ng g−1 (S), respectively. The S sites showed the higher mass absorption coefficients at 365 nm (MAC365) of 0.94 ± 0.31 m2 g−1 compared to those of U and R sites (0.39 ± 0.11 m2 g−1 and 0.38 ± 0.12 m2 g−1, respectively). Bulk composition of WSOC in the snowpack samples and its basic source apportionment was inferred from the excitation–emission matrices and the parallel factor analysis featuring relative contributions of one protein-like (PRLIS) and two humic-like (HULIS-1 and HULIS-2) components with ratios specific to each of the S, U, and R sites. Additionally, a sample from site 120 showed unique pollutant concentrations and spectroscopic features remarkably different from all other U, R, and S samples. Molecular-level characterization of WSOC using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) provided further insights into chemical differences among four types of samples (U, R, S, and 120). Specifically, many reduced-sulfur-containing species with high degrees of unsaturation and aromaticity were uniquely identified in U samples, suggesting an anthropogenic source. Aliphatic/protein-like species showed the highest contribution in R samples, indicating their biogenic origin. The WSOC components from S samples showed high oxygenation and saturation levels. A few unique CHON and CHONS compounds with high unsaturation degree and molecular weight were detected in the 120 sample, which might be anthraquinone derivatives from plant debris. Modeling of the WSOC-induced RF values showed warming effects of 0.04 to 0.59 W m−2 among different groups of sites, which contribute up to 16 % of that caused by black carbon (BC), demonstrating the important influences of WSOC on the snow energy budget.

show abstract

Section: Bulk Light-absorbing and Fluorescence Propertiessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Bulk Light-absorbing and Fluorescence Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement report: Molecular composition, optical properties, and radiative effects of water-soluble organic carbon in snowpack samples from northern Xinjiang, China

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…HULIS-1 dominates in the S samples, where it accounts for ~49% of the total fluorescence (Table S1). In addition, the relative intensities of HULIS-1 are positively correlated with the mass fractions of calcium ion (r=0.73, p<0.01, with previous studies of water systems and aerosols (Chen et al, 2016a(Chen et al, ,2020Stedmon et al, 2003). A strongly negative correlation between the contributions of HULIS-1 and nitrate mass fractions is found as well (r=-0.68, p<0.01), reflecting the potential important role of HULIS in snow nitrate photochemistry (Bartels-Rausch et al, 2010;Grannas et al, 2007).…”

Section: Bulk Light-absorbing and Fluorescence Propertiessupporting

confidence: 73%

“…(HULIS-1) is a type of terrestrial-derived humic fluorophore with long emission wavelengths, commonly reported for samples of terrestrial aquatic systems and highly-oxygenated organic aerosols (Chen et al, 2016a;Stedmon et al, 2003). C2 (HULIS-2) is usually recognized as HULIS from marine sources (Coble, 1996) or phytoplankton degradation in fresh water (Zhang et al, 2010), and it was also detected in anthropogenic wastewater (Stedmon and Markager, 2005) or industrial-sourced aerosol (Chen et al, 2020). C3 is a class of PRLIS (tyrosine-like) widely found in terrestrial organics (Wu et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2010;Zhao et al, 2016) related to labile organic matter produced from microbial processes (Coble et al, 1998).…”

Section: Bulk Light-absorbing and Fluorescence Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reply on RC2

Zhou¹

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) analysis is a sensitive, rapid, and nondestructive optical spectroscopy method (Birdwell and Valsaraj, 2010) that has been used to investigate the bulk composition and attribute potential sources of chromophoric WSOC in aquatic ecosystems (Jaffé et al, 2014) and more recently in aerosols (Chen et al, 2016b(Chen et al, , 2020Fu et al, 2015;Mladenov et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2019b). Based on parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis, contributions from main fluorescent components such as different fractions of HULIS and protein-like substances (PRLIS) can be quantitatively evaluated (Stedmon and Bro, 2008), indicating plausible sources of WSOC in aquatic (Murphy et al, 2008) and atmospheric samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reply on RC1

Zhou

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Identification of species and sources of atmospheric chromophores by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix with parallel factor analysis

Cited by 86 publications

References 54 publications

Measurement report: Molecular composition, optical properties, and radiative effects of water-soluble organic carbon in snowpack samples from northern Xinjiang, China

Measurement report: Molecular composition, optical properties, and radiative effects of water-soluble organic carbon in snowpack samples from northern Xinjiang, China

Reply on RC2

Reply on RC1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About