Identification of Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus genes involved in pathogenicity and virulence

Serrano, Ana María Insausti; Pijlman, Gorben P.; Vlak, Just M.; Muñoz, Delia; Williams, Trevor; Caballero, Primitivo

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2015.01.008

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Small genotypic differences among nucleopolyhedrovirus isolates might have contributed to small differences in biological activity (Smits & Vlak 1988). However, variation in phenotypic traits is associated with genotypic variation in baculovirus populations (Hodgson et al 2001;Muñoz & Caballero 2000;Murillo et al 2006;Serrano et al 2015). High levels of genetic and phenotypic variation were observed in natural SeMNPV populations originating from groups of virus-killed larvae collected in the field (Muñoz et al 1999) and from isolates of greenhouse soils (Murillo et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High levels of genetic and phenotypic variation were observed in natural SeMNPV populations originating from groups of virus-killed larvae collected in the field (Muñoz et al 1999) and from isolates of greenhouse soils (Murillo et al 2007). This variation among host populations suggests that heterogeneity is important for virus survival (Cooper et al 2003) and often is associated with phenotypic differences (Hodgson et al 2001;Cory & Myers 2003;Murillo et al 2006;Serrano et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Four Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus Isolates on the Larval Mortality and Development ofSpodoptera exigua(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Determination of Virus Production and Mean Time to Death

Luna-Espino

Castrejón-Gómez

Pineda

et al. 2018

Florida Entomologist

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Four Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus Isolates on the Larval Mortality and Development ofSpodoptera exigua(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Determination of Virus Production and Mean Time to Death

Luna-Espino

Castrejón-Gómez

Pineda

et al. 2018

Florida Entomologist

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“…It has been reported that different genotypes can differ in virulence against host insects, thereby influencing the effectiveness of the biopesticide [ 15 , 16 ]. Additionally, genetic variation in field populations of baculoviruses, which involve mutations or recombination events specifically within genes related to oral susceptibility, can have a significant effect on virulence [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Thus, genome stability is an important aspect of a virus’s biological activity that requires investigation, especially when a biopesticide such as CrleGV is frequently applied in the field over many years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Analysis and Genetic Stability of the Cryptophlebia leucotreta Granulovirus (CrleGV-SA) after 15 Years of Commercial Use as a Biopesticide

Merwe

Jukes

Rąbalski

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Thaumatotibia leucotreta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is an indigenous pest in southern Africa which attacks citrus fruits and other crops. To control T. leucotreta in South Africa, an integrated pest management (IPM) programme incorporating the baculovirus Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV-SA) as a biopesticide has been implemented. This study investigated the genetic stability of a commercially produced CrleGV-SA product that has been applied in the field since 2000. Seven representative full-genome sequences of the CrleGV-SA isolate spanning a 15-year period were generated and compared with one another. Several open reading frames (ORFs) were identified to have acquired single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) during the 15-year period, with three patterns observed and referred to as “stable”, “reversion”, and “unstable switching”. Three insertion events were also identified, two of which occurred within ORFs. Pairwise multiple alignments of these sequences showed an identity ranging from 99.98% to 99.99%. Concentration-response bioassays comparing samples of CrleGV-SA from 2000 and 2015 showed an increase in virulence toward neonate T. leucotreta larvae. The CrleGV-SA genome sequence generated from the 2015 sample was compared to the Cape Verde reference genome, CrleGV-CV3. Several fusion events were identified between ORFs within these genomes. These sequences shared 96.7% pairwise identity, confirming that CrleGV-SA is a genetically distinct isolate. The results of this study indicate that the genome of CrleGV-SA has remained stable over many years, with implications for its continued use as a biopesticide in the field. Furthermore, the study describes the first complete baculovirus genome to be sequenced with the MinION (Oxford Nanopore, Oxford, UK) platform and the first complete genome sequence of the South African CrleGV isolate.

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“…Genome sequence analysis allowed the identification of genes that differed between vertically and horizontally transmitted genotypes (Thézé et al, 2014). Of these, four genes ( se4 [ hoar ], se5, se76 [ cg30 ], and se129 [ p26 ]) were shown to reduce OB pathogenicity using a bacmid-based system to produce deletion mutants, whereas speed of kill was unaffected except in the case of se5 of unknown function, which was significantly extended in the deletion mutant (Serrano et al, 2015). …”

Section: Covert Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covert Infection of Insects by Baculoviruses

et al. 2017

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Baculoviruses (Baculoviridae) are occluded DNA viruses that are lethal pathogens of the larval stages of some lepidopterans, mosquitoes, and sawflies (phytophagous Hymenoptera). These viruses have been developed as biological insecticides for control of insect pests and as expression vectors in biotechnological applications. Natural and laboratory populations frequently harbor covert infections by baculoviruses, often at a prevalence exceeding 50%. Covert infection can comprise either non-productive latency or sublethal infection involving low level production of virus progeny. Latency in cell culture systems involves the expression of a small subset of viral genes. In contrast, covert infection in lepidopterans is associated with differential infection of cell types, modulation of virus gene expression and avoidance of immune system clearance. The molecular basis for covert infection may reside in the regulation of host–virus interactions through the action of microRNAs (miRNA). Initial findings suggest that insect nudiviruses and vertebrate herpesviruses may provide useful analogous models for exploring the mechanisms of covert infection by baculoviruses. These pathogens adopt mixed-mode transmission strategies that depend on the relative fitness gains that accrue through vertical and horizontal transmission. This facilitates virus persistence when opportunities for horizontal transmission are limited and ensures virus dispersal in migratory host species. However, when host survival is threatened by environmental or physiological stressors, latent or persistent infections can be activated to produce lethal disease, followed by horizontal transmission. Covert infection has also been implicated in population level effects on host–pathogen dynamics due to the reduced reproductive capacity of infected females. We conclude that covert infections provide many opportunities to examine the complexity of insect–virus pathosystems at the organismal level and to explore the evolutionary and ecological relationships of these pathogens with major crop and forest pests.

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Identification of Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus genes involved in pathogenicity and virulence

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of Four Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus Isolates on the Larval Mortality and Development ofSpodoptera exigua(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Determination of Virus Production and Mean Time to Death

Effect of Four Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus Isolates on the Larval Mortality and Development ofSpodoptera exigua(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Determination of Virus Production and Mean Time to Death

Genome Analysis and Genetic Stability of the Cryptophlebia leucotreta Granulovirus (CrleGV-SA) after 15 Years of Commercial Use as a Biopesticide

Covert Infection of Insects by Baculoviruses

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