Identification of Sulfonylurea Herbicide-Resistant Prickly Lettuce (Lactuca serriola)

Abstract

A naturally occurring prickly lettuce biotype resistant to a 5:1 formulated mixture of chlorsulfuron:metsulfuron (DPX-G8311) was identified in a no-till winter wheat field near Lewiston, ID, in April, 1987. Field and greenhouse studies were established to evaluate its resistance to other sulfonylureas, imidazolinones, and herbicides with alternate sites of action. The resistant biotype resisted eight sulfonylurea herbicides; resisted the imidazolinone herbicides, imazapyr and imazethypyr, but not imazaquin; and resisted no other herbicides included in the studies. The resistant biotype was identified in seven of nine fields on the farm where it was discovered.

Resistência de amendoim-bravo aos herbicidas inibidores da enzima acetolactato sintase

“…Da mesma forma, não se observou injúria nas plantas deste biótipo para os herbicidas inibidores de ALS testados (Tabela 1), confirmando a hipótese de que a resistência não é específica apenas para imazethapyr, mas para os demais herbicidas com o mesmo mecanismo de ação (Tabela 1). Em outros trabalhos realizados a nível mundial, também se observou que as plantas daninhas selecionadas com um inibidor de ALS também apresentavam resistência cruzada a outros compostos com atividade na mesma enzima (Mallory-Smith et al, 1990;Primiani et al, 1990).…”

“…No mundo, os primeiros casos de resistência aos inibidores de ALS foram registrados com Lactuca serriola e Kochia scoparia em apenas cinco anos de uso deste grupo de herbicidas (Mallory-Smith et al, 1990;Primiani et al, 1990). No Brasil, a resistência aos herbicidas foi documentada em 1996, com biótipos de Bidens pilosa (B. subalternans) resistentes aos inibidores de ALS (Ponchio et al, 1996).…”

The biology of Canadian weeds. 122. Lactuca serriola L.

“…Populations of L. serriola resistant to sulfonylurea herbicides were first identified in Idaho in 1987(Mallory-Smith et al 1990a, in the states of Washington and Oregon in 1993, and in southern Australia in 1994 (Heap 2002). Resistance developed in these populations after repeated exposure to chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, or triasulfuron (Heap 2002).…”

HRAC Classification of Herbicides and Resistance Development

“…While resistance of Lolium rigidum to ALS-inhibitors was attributed to enhanced herbicide metabolism [50] it was shown, for Lolium perenne and dicotyledonous species like Stellaria media, Kochia scoparia, Salsola iberica and Lactuca serriola, that resistant biotypes had a mutated ALS with reduced susceptibility to ALS-inhibiting herbicides [51][52][53]. The IC 50 s for sulfonylureas, which were determined in vitro with ALS isolated from Stellaria media, Salsola iberica and Lolium perenne, increased 4-to 50-fold in the resistant biotypes.…”