Identification of the genes promoting awnedness in the Triticum Aestivum/Aegilops Umbellulata introgressive line

Аntonyuk, Maksym; Prokopyk, D. O.; Martynenko, V. S.; Ternovska, Tamara

doi:10.3103/s0095452712030024

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…During the 1993-2008 period, the lines had a minimum of ten generations under field conditions, spikes were iso (2), and Aurolata (3) [2]. It was revealed later during the applica tion of introgressive lines for genetic analysis studies that this was not always the case [24]. It seems pro cesses are initiated in the genomes of introgressive lines, which generate genetic variability within the hybrid genome, although this does not occur at the cytological level.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permanent genetic variability in the introgressive lines and amphidiploids of Triticeae

2013

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The hybrid origin of an organism's genome has been regarded in recent years as the cause for a certain genetic instability inherent in such genomes. Using the model of amphidiploids and introgressive Aegilops wheat lines, evidence is given for confirming the facts of permanent alterations in their genomes, which were revealed at the phenotypic level in studies of morphological traits and biochemical character in successive generations of certain genotypes, as well as those of F 1 and F 2 hybrids. The actions of both trans posons and intrachromosomal rearrangements caused by the 4S sh gametocidal chromosome may be consid ered as the causes of such variability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permanent genetic variability in the introgressive lines and amphidiploids of Triticeae

2013

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“…Using genome substitution lines, it was shown that in the only tetraploid species T. aethiopicum with awnless forms, this trait is under monogenic control by the recessive gene awn1 located on chromosome 3B (Goncharov et al, 2003;Antonyuk et al, 2012). Goncharov et al (2007) found that the recessive gene awn S was localized on the short arm chromosome 2A of T. sinskajae.…”

Section: Genes Underlying Spike Morphology In Dif-ferent Wheat Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Goncharov (2012) landraces 'Babilo' and 'Kilyak' by the dominant gene designated as Hd2. Recently, locus T controlling awn formation on the glume in T. carthlicum (tetraaristatum) has been found to be localised on the long arm of chromosome 5A (Haque et al, 2011) (Table 1).Using genome substitution lines, it was shown that in the only tetraploid species T. aethiopicum with awnless forms, this trait is under monogenic control by the recessive gene awn1 located on chromosome 3B (Goncharov et al, 2003;Antonyuk et al, 2012). Goncharov et al (2007) found that the recessive gene awn S was localized on the short arm chromosome 2A of T. sinskajae.…”

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Spike Morphology Genes in Wheat Species (TriticumL.)

Konopatskaia

Vavilova

Блинов

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.

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Contributed by Nikolay P. GoncharovThe review examines the state of knowledge on genes that control the architectonics of wheat plant (spike morphology). It is shown that molecular genetic studies, which have been recently started, allow to find both the orthologous genes from relative species of wheat (barley, rye, etc.) and genes that were not previously used for breeding. Use of these genes for further breeding allows to produce modern wheat commercial cultivars. Key words: spike morphology, plant architecture, gene, wheat species, Triticum. per, we present current knowledge of the agronomically important spike morphology traits in wheat (subtribe Frumentaceae Dum., tribe Triticeae) and explore some of the recent findings in the area of identification of the genes underlying the spike morphology traits. SPIKE MORPHOLOGY TRAITS IN WHEAT SPECIESThe spike is one of the most important parts of a wheat plant. It includes the reproductive organs, produces the seeds, and ensures dispersal of the mature grains. Spike morphology greatly affects breeding, harvest procedures and the yield. Spikes of wheat species differ in several morphological characteristics, including threshability, the presence or absence of awns, spike shape, spike shattering, spike branching and supernumerary spikelets spike (Fig. 1).Threshability. Easy threshing ability is mainly dependent on the tenacity of the glumes covering the grains. The wild species possess hulled grains (syn. non free-threshing), which are covered by a tough glume that remains adhered to the grain after the threshing (Dorofeev and Korovina, 1979). Naked or free-threshing seeds of cultivated wheat species are rounded by soft glumes which release during threshing ( Fig. 1). Wheat varieties with free-threshing seeds appeared during domestication and significantly advanced the efficiency of the threshing process and led to wheat becoming a major crop all over the world (Zhang et al., 2011).The presence or absence of awns. Awns are the threadlike extensions of the lemma. They have photosynthetic function, increase the assimilation of water, and may promote high yield of wheat grown under water-limited conditions (Reynolds and Tuberosa, 2008;Maydup et al., 2010) (Fig. 1). Several comparative studies of the grain yield advantage in awned and awnless lines gave conflicting results. The comprehensive investigation of Rebetzke et al. (2016) showed that awned near-isogenic lines are characterised by slightly greater grain yield due to increased kernel size and reduced screening. It was also demonstrated that awnless wheats with acceptable yield and quality have provide advantage in more favourable environments and future changing climates.In diploid wheat species T. urartu Thum. ex Gandil., T. monococcum, and T. boeoticum Boiss., only awned spikes have been identified to date, but only T. sinskajae A. Filat. et Kurk. has awnless spikes (Dorofeev and Korovina, 1979). Among tetraploid wheat species, all except T. aethiopicum Jakubz. awnless forms were obtained by hybridisation wit...

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“…Some of the Gramineae species have awns, needle-like elongations of the lemma, which are considered to be a modified leaf blade [1]. Awns are a well-known morphological marker in wheat, and they play a major role in transpiration and photosynthesis of the spike [2][3][4].…”

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“…sharonensis [15]. The Aurora cultivar contains dominant inhibitor of awn development B1 in chromosome 5А (cited for [4]), so appearance of awn or awn-like sprouts in genome substitution amphidiploids is unexpected phenomenon and can be recorded as novel character. The awned phenotype in the introgression lines can be considered as novel or non-parental one, because among components of initial crosses Aurosis x Aurora and Aurolata x Aurora the awned phenotypes were absent.…”

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Formation of awns in wheat lines with introgressions from Aegilops spp. caused by novel regulatory genes

Наваліхіна

Аntonyuk

Shpylchyn

et al. 2021

NRPBE

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Awns play a significant role in the plant physiology and are a well-known morphological marker in wheat. Awnedness in wheat is regulated by three inhibitors – Hd, B1, and B2, but awn promoters are still largely unknown. The present study is aimed at analysis of the expression level of awn development regulatory genes orthologs, TaDL, TaTOB1, TaETT2, and TaKNOX3, in Triticum aestivum, genome substitution amphidiploids AABBSshSsh and AABBUU, and derived lines with introgressions from Aegilops sharonensis and Ae. umbellulata.Expression of four mentioned genes was detected in the lemma of all strains studied, and the role of these genes in awn development was assumed. In awned introgression lines, expression of all studied genes differed from mid-parent value: it was present in parent genotypes and absent in derived lines. Non-additive expression of four studied genes in introgression lines is considered to be the possible reason that caused development of nonparental awned phenotype. The presence of two products resulting from TaTOB1 cDNA amplification, one of which contained fourth intron and another lacking it, is considered to be the result of two mRNA presence due to different TaTOB1 homoeoalleles expression.

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Identification of the genes promoting awnedness in the Triticum Aestivum/Aegilops Umbellulata introgressive line

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Permanent genetic variability in the introgressive lines and amphidiploids of Triticeae

Permanent genetic variability in the introgressive lines and amphidiploids of Triticeae

Spike Morphology Genes in Wheat Species (TriticumL.)

Formation of awns in wheat lines with introgressions from Aegilops spp. caused by novel regulatory genes

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