Identification of the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of antler growth centers

Yao, Baojin; Zhang, Mei; Liu, Meixin; Lu, Bocheng; Leng, Xiangyang; Hu, Yaozhong; Zhao, Daqing; Zhao, Yu

doi:10.1007/s12038-018-9835-5

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Differences in gene expression profiles and alternative splicing in antlers of the two deer species and in antlers at differential growth rates in sika deer have been detected in the present study. Although both Illumina and SMRT sequencing of antler tip tissue have been reported in previous studies [ 23 , 25 , 26 , 27 ] for different growth stages of antlers, this study has greatly expanded knowledge in terms of sika (especially in terms of full-length transcripts and alternatively-spliced isoforms) and extended to a new deer species, wapiti. Both the comparison with wapiti and the comparison of sika deer antlers at differential growth rates have added a new dimension to the field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of Alternative Splicing Variants and Positive Selection Genes Related to Distinct Growth Rates of Antlers Using Comparative Transcriptome Sequencing

Wang

et al. 2022

Animals

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The molecular mechanism underlying rapid antler growth has not been elucidated. The contrast of the wapiti and sika deer antler provides a potential model for comparative studies for the identification of potent growth factors and unique regulatory systems. In the present study, reference transcriptomes of antler RM tissue of wapiti and sika deer were constructed using single molecule real time sequencing data. The expression profiling, positive selection, and alternative splicing of the antler transcripts were compared. The results showed that: a total of 44,485 reference full-length transcripts of antlers were obtained; 254 highly expressed transcripts (HETs) and 1936 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched and correlated principally with translation, endochondral ossification and ribosome; 228 genes were found to be under strong positive selection and would thus be important for the evolution of wapiti and sika deer; among the alternative splicing variants, 381 genes were annotated; and 4 genes with node degree values greater than 50 were identified through interaction network analysis. We identified a negative and a positive regulator for rapid antler growth, namely RNA Binding Motif Protein X-Linked (RBMX) and methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), respectively. Overall, we took advantage of this significant difference in growth rate and performed the comparative analyses of the antlers to identify key specific factors that might be candidates for the positive or negative regulation of phenomenal antler growth rate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of Alternative Splicing Variants and Positive Selection Genes Related to Distinct Growth Rates of Antlers Using Comparative Transcriptome Sequencing

Wang

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Most candidate genes, as also found with ISH, are recognized as participating in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. − Key identified pathways to-date include PI3K-akt, MAPK, Wnt and Hippo signaling which are highly upregulated in the reserve mesenchymal layer. Wnt signaling has also been found to be necessary in the precartilage layer indicating its roles in the maturation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts. , Transcriptomics conducted on the tip at different stages of growth suggests that differential gene expression could be negatively correlated with the growing stage; i.e., less up-regulated genes were found during rapid growing stage (60 days) compared to the initial growth (15 days) and the ossification stages (90 days). − The SOX9 gene is one of the exceptions due to its highest expression level being found during rapid antler grow; it is regarded as a master regulator involved in chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. ,,, …”

Section: Deer Antler Biomolecules Discovered From Other Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to other approaches, research has mainly focused on antler tip tissues from both red and sika deer. Comparison between antler tips from initial and fast growing stages identifies several microRNAs involved in regulating antler chondrogenesis and osteogenesis, for example, miR-140 is highly increasing during the rapid growth stage, with the SOX9 gene as a functional target. , Numerous candidate microRNAs, such as miR-19a and 19b, have been discovered in the reserve mesenchyme and/or cartilage layers of the antler growth center, and are likely to play a role in regulating antler development. ,, MicroRNA sequencing has also been conducted in parallel with the transcriptome sequencing of antlers with extreme heavy and light weights; these researchers found 14 genes and 6 microRNAs linked to antler weight, and show a specific regulatory network encompassing the differentially expressed genes and microRNAs …”

Section: Deer Antler Biomolecules Discovered From Other Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…163−169 The SOX9 gene is one of the exceptions due to its highest expression level being found during rapid antler grow; it is regarded as a master regulator involved in chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. 163,164,168,170 Genes associated with production traits have been studied with heavy antlers having high expression of genes associated with mineralization (COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, FN1, and MT-ATP6). 171 The first single-cell transcriptome analysis of antlerogenic periosteum cells (Figure 1A) indicates they are likely to be a homogeneous population expressing multiple markers of mesenchymal, embryonic, neural and cancer stem cells.…”

Section: Deer Antlers and Rna Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactive Molecular Discovery Using Deer Antlers as a Model of Mammalian Regeneration

Dong

Coates

2021

J. Proteome Res.

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The ability to activate and regulate stem cells during wound healing and tissue regeneration is a promising field that is resulting in innovative approaches in the field of regenerative medicine. The regenerative capacity of invertebrates has been well documented; however, in mammals, stem cells that drive organ regeneration are rare. Deer antlers are the only known mammalian structure that can annually regenerate to produce a tissue containing dermis, blood vessels, nerves, cartilage, and bone. The neural crest derived stem cells that drive this process result in antlers growing at up to 2 cm/day. Deer antlers thus provide superior attributes compared to lower-order animal models, when investigating the regulation of stem cell-based regeneration. Antler stem cells can therefore be used as a model to investigate the bioactive molecules, biological processes, and pathways involved in the maintenance of a stem cell niche, and their activation and differentiation during organ formation. This review examines stem cell-based regeneration with a focus on deer antlers, a neural crest stem cell-based mammalian regenerative structure. It then discusses the omics technical platforms highlighting the proteomics approaches used for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying stem cell regulation in antler tissues.

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Functional properties and antioxidant activity of gelatine and hydrolysate from deer antler base

Liu

Xia

Mei

et al. 2020

Food Science & Nutrition

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Gelatine was extracted from deer antler base by the hot water method and hydrolyzed with trypsin. A comparison of the properties of gelatine before and after enzymatic hydrolysis showed a decline in the surface hydrophobicity, enhanced thermal stability, broadening of the particle size distribution, a zeta potential shift to a lower pH, reduced foaming and emulsifying properties, and enhanced antioxidant activity. Hydrolysis increased the gelatine antioxidant activity in DPPH and FRAP assays. These results indicate that the functional properties of deer antler base gelatine may be affected by trypsin modification.

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Identification of the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of antler growth centers

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Identification and Characterization of Alternative Splicing Variants and Positive Selection Genes Related to Distinct Growth Rates of Antlers Using Comparative Transcriptome Sequencing

Identification and Characterization of Alternative Splicing Variants and Positive Selection Genes Related to Distinct Growth Rates of Antlers Using Comparative Transcriptome Sequencing

Bioactive Molecular Discovery Using Deer Antlers as a Model of Mammalian Regeneration

Functional properties and antioxidant activity of gelatine and hydrolysate from deer antler base

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