Identification of the missing links in parasite–host networks using the dark diversity concept: a case study with two taxonomic groups of ectoparasitic arthropods and small mammalian hosts

Krasnov, Boris R.; Vinarski, Maxim V.; Korallo‐Vinarskaya, Natalia P.; Shenbrot, Georgy I.; Khokhlova, Irina S.

doi:10.1111/een.13128

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 69 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, it is also possible to add more domains that independently associate with the unified DDA from other domains (e.g. characteristics of communities of mutualists and parasites, for example, see Krasnov et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposing dark diversity affinities of species and sites using Bayesian method: What accounts for absences of species at suitable sites?

Fujinuma

Pärtel

2023

Methods Ecol Evol

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Locally observed biodiversity always consists of only a fraction of its site‐specific species pool. Why some suitable species are absent, shaping dark diversity of that site, is a basic yet increasingly crucial question in the face of global biodiversity degradation. The ultimate processes underlying dark diversity associate with either dispersal or persistence limitations, or both. These two limitations in turn link to several characteristics of individual species and sites, making it challenging to detect the exact factors contributing to dark diversity in a particular metacommunity. Here, we propose a metric, dark diversity affinity (DDA), which measures the tendencies of individual species to be absent from suitable sites and of individual sites to miss suitable species. We developed a Bayesian model interrelating four types of datasets: metacommunity matrix of species presences in sites, species‐sites suitability matrix, species functional traits and site characteristics. In the model, DDA operates as an adjustment bridging the disparity between site‐specific suitability and observed presence/absence of each species at each site. Furthermore, DDA can be related to individual properties of species and sites through logistic regression sub‐models. We demonstrated our framework using nine empirical datasets of vertebrate, invertebrate and vascular plant metacommunities. We show the decomposed roles of species traits and site characteristics in defining DDA and, therefore, dark diversity in metacommunities. In the empirical datasets, various functional traits, which related to morphology, reproduction, dispersal ability, population attributes, resource specificity and life history, significantly affected species‐level DDA, while site characteristics regarding habitat types and attributes, resource availability, pollution, and edaphic and water conditions influenced DDA at the site level. Our framework provides a concept and methodological toolbox that allows identification of the processes underlying dark diversity and advances both the theory of community ecology and biodiversity conservation. Conservation actions can be more successful by knowing whether species loss in a particular metacommunity is associated to some species traits or site characteristics and what their relative contributions are.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposing dark diversity affinities of species and sites using Bayesian method: What accounts for absences of species at suitable sites?

Fujinuma

Pärtel

2023

Methods Ecol Evol

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Parasite traits, host traits, and environment as determinants of dark diversity affinity in flea and gamasid mite assemblages from the Palearctic

Krasnov,

Vinarski,

Korallo-Vinarskaya

et al. 2024

Parasitol Res

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A species set in a site comprises species that are present (realized diversity) and species that could inhabit this site but are absent (dark diversity; DD). DD can be both species-driven (a species’ traits preclude its presence, independently of site features) and site-driven (site features preclude the species’ presence, independently of its traits). DD affinity (DDA) is a measure of species’ tendencies to be absent from sites that they could inhabit or of sites’ tendencies to lack species that could be present. Decomposition of DDA into DDA for species (ddasp) and for sites (ddasite) allows (a) disentangling these two mechanisms and (b) detecting species traits and site features contributing to their DDA. The species-site unified model is a Bayesian statistical model aimed at simultaneously estimating ddasp and ddasite. We applied it to flea and mite assemblages (a) within a host species across regions (component metacommunities; CtM; ddasite = ddaregion) and (b) within a region across host species (compound metacommunities; CdM, ddasite = ddahost). In CtMs, ddasp and ddaregion equally contributed to DD, whereas the relative contributions of ddasp and ddahost to DD in CdMs varied from the former being higher than the latter and vice versa. In CtM and CdM, ddasp increased in low-abundance ectoparasites exploiting a restricted number of hosts. In CtMs, ddaregion was associated with the regional environment, but we failed to find host traits affecting ddahost in CdMs. We conclude that ectoparasite species and either regions in CtMs or host species in CdMs independently contribute to DD.

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Identification of the missing links in parasite–host networks using the dark diversity concept: a case study with two taxonomic groups of ectoparasitic arthropods and small mammalian hosts

Cited by 2 publications

References 69 publications

Decomposing dark diversity affinities of species and sites using Bayesian method: What accounts for absences of species at suitable sites?

Decomposing dark diversity affinities of species and sites using Bayesian method: What accounts for absences of species at suitable sites?

Parasite traits, host traits, and environment as determinants of dark diversity affinity in flea and gamasid mite assemblages from the Palearctic

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