Identification of the optimal (α+β) forging process parameters of Ti–6.5Al–3.5Mo–1.5Zr–0.3Si based on processing-maps

Wang, K.L.; Lu, Shiqi; Fu, Ming; Li, X.; Dong, Xian Juan

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2010.08.031

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…As the deformation temperature reached 900 °C, sufficient recrystallization took place, which contributed to the refinement of initial The deformation activation energy of as-rolled Ti-55 alloy in α + β dual-phase region and β single-phase region was calculated to be 453.00 KJ/mol and 279.88 KJ/mol, respectively, both of which were greater than the lattice self-diffusion energy of α-Ti (150 KJ/mol) and β-Ti (153 KJ/mol) [4,9]. The results indicated that the main softening mechanism should be dynamic recrystallization in α + β dual-phase region and dynamic recovery in β single-phase region, respectively [20,21]. It should be noted that the activation energy in β phase region was mostly reported in the range of 180-220 kJ/mol during hot deformation of some titanium alloys [10,[21][22][23], while the activation energy in β region of the Ti-55 alloy reached 279.88 kJ, which was higher than other titanium alloys.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The results indicated that the main softening mechanism should be dynamic recrystallization in α + β dual-phase region and dynamic recovery in β single-phase region, respectively [20,21]. It should be noted that the activation energy in β phase region was mostly reported in the range of 180-220 kJ/mol during hot deformation of some titanium alloys [10,[21][22][23], while the activation energy in β region of the Ti-55 alloy reached 279.88 kJ, which was higher than other titanium alloys.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Study on Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Ti55 High-Temperature Titanium Alloy

Wang

Jin

et al. 2017

Metals

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Abstract:The isothermal compression experiment of as-rolled Ti-55 alloy was carried out on a Gleeble-3800 thermal simulation test machine at the deformation temperature range of 700-1050 • C and strain rate range of 0.001-1 s −1 . The hot deformation behavior and the microstructure evolution were analyzed during thermal compression. The results show that the apparent activation energy Q in α + β dual-phase region and β single-phase region were calculated to be 453.00 KJ/mol and 279.88 KJ/mol, respectively. The deformation softening mechanism was mainly controlled by dynamic recrystallization of α phase and dynamic recovery of β phase. Discontinuous yielding behavior mainly occurred in β phase region, which weakened gradually with the increase of deformation temperature (>990 • C) and strain rate (0.01-1 s −1 ) in β phase region. The processing map derived from Murty's criterion was more accurate in predicting the hot workability than that derived from Prasad's criterion. The optimized hot working window was 850-975 • C/0.001-1 s −1 , in which sufficient dynamic recrystallization occurred and α + β-transus microstructure was obtained. When deformed at higher temperature (≥1000 • C), coarsened lath-shape β-transus microstructure was formed, while deformed at lower temperature (≤825 • C) and higher strain rate (≥0.1 s −1 ), the dynamic recrystallization was not sufficient, thus flow instability appeared because of shear cracking.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: mentioning

confidence: 97%

Study on Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Ti55 High-Temperature Titanium Alloy

Wang

Jin

et al. 2017

Metals

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“…According to the dynamic materials model (DMM) [5,9], the system input energy P can be divided into two portions: a dissipative quantity (G) and a dissipative association term (J).…”

Section: Processing Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is generally expected that the optimal deformation condition is met when the efficiency is the maximum. However, some materials may exhibit unstable flow characteristics during the deformation process, such as flow localization, adiabatic shear, void generation, and cracks [9,21]. Prasad [5,6] has derived the following instability criterion to identify whether or not the instabilities occur in the hot deformation process:…”

Section: Processing Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the forging process parameters of TC11 alloy with thick lamellar, and with coarse lamellar starting microstructures were optimized by Li et al [7] and Lu et al [8], respectively. Wang et al optimized the (α+β) forging and β forging process for Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si alloy using the dynamic materials model [9,10]. Srinivasan et al [11] have developed three-dimensional (3D) processing maps for identifying DRX, DRV and instability regions of cast-extruded AZ31B magnesium alloy, and have observed the optimal region for hot working at 400°C and 0.01 s -1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of hot working parameters of as-forged Nitinol 60 shape memory alloy using processing maps

Shu

Wang

et al. 2015

Met. Mater. Int.

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The hot deformation behavior of as-forged Nitinol 60 alloy (60 wt% Ni, 40 wt% Ti) was studied over the ranges of temperature, 650-850°C, and strain rate, 0.01-1 s -1 , using isothermal constant strain rate compression tests in a Gleeble-3500 simulator. The processing maps, based on the dynamic materials model, were developed to optimize the hot working parameters. The results show that the deformation parameters have a marked effect on the power dissipation efficiency and the instability parameter. A single unstable region (650-775°C, 0.037-1 s -1 ), associated with flow localization and/or adiabatic shear, is detected from the processing map. This should be avoided in hot working process. The optimized hot working conditions correspond to 680-790°C, 0.01-0.025 s -1 with peak efficiency of 0.45 at 720°C, 0.01 s -1 , and 820-850°C, 0.1-1 s -1 with peak efficiency of 0.5 at 850°C, 1 s -1 . Microstructure observations indicate that the main deformation mechanism of optimized domains involves dynamic recrystallization.

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Characterization of Hot Workability for a Near Alpha Titanium Alloy by Integrating Processing Maps and Constitutive Relationship

Zhou

Zeng

et al. 2019

Adv Eng Mater

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Hot workability of near‐alpha titanium alloy Ti–6Al–3Nb–2Zr–1Mo with an initial duplex microstructure is evaluated through isothermal compressions in lower α + β phase field, upper α + β phase field, and β phase field. It is noteworthy that flow stress increases with increasing strain rates and decreasing temperatures. Based on Dynamic Material Model and Prasad's instability criterion, processing maps are established and subdivided into six characterization regions to ascertain deformation mechanisms connected with microstructure. The results show that super‐plasticity deformation (SPD) and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) of β phase can be achieved in the area with high power dissipation efficiency in α + β phase field and β phase field, thus making them being the optimum hot working domains. Besides, DRX of lamellar α, dynamic recovery (DRV) of equiaxed primary α (αp) as well as DRV of β phase occur in the remaining safe domains with increasing temperature. The microstructure in instability domains, where hot deformation should be kept away, is characterized by flow localization. Arrhenius‐type constitutive model incorporated with strain compensations is selected to describe the high‐temperature flow behavior of the test Ti‐alloy. The introduction of three detailed divisions with temperature ranges gives an accurate calculation for apparent activation energy.

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Identification of the optimal (α+β) forging process parameters of Ti–6.5Al–3.5Mo–1.5Zr–0.3Si based on processing-maps

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Study on Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Ti55 High-Temperature Titanium Alloy

Study on Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Ti55 High-Temperature Titanium Alloy

Optimization of hot working parameters of as-forged Nitinol 60 shape memory alloy using processing maps

Characterization of Hot Workability for a Near Alpha Titanium Alloy by Integrating Processing Maps and Constitutive Relationship

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