Identification of the Palaeocene–Eocene Boundary Based on Larger Foraminifers in Deposits of the Palaeogene Adriatic Carbonate Platform, Southwestern Slovenia

Drobne, Katica; Jež, Jernej; Ćosović, Vlasta; Ogorelec, Bojan; Stenni, Barbara; Zakrevskaya, Elena

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-04364-7_18

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Biostratigraphic data from sections in the SE Pyrenees, Egypt and Slovenia demonstrate that the PETM occurred at the base of the SBZ-5 biozone (e.g., Orue-Etxebarria et al, 2001;Pujalte et al, 2003aPujalte et al, , 2009Scheibner et al, 2005;Zamagni, 2012;Drobne, 2014). In the Campo section, in particular, the thermal event is recorded within terrestrial deposits from the lower part of DS Il-1 ( Fig.…”

Section: Age Modelsmentioning

confidence: 93%

A massive input of coarse-grained siliciclastics in the Pyrenean Basin during the PETM: the missing ingredient in a coeval abrupt change in hydrological regime

2015

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Abstract. The Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) is represented in numerous shallow and deep marine sections of the south–central and western Pyrenees by a 2–4 m thick unit (locally up to 20 m) of clays or marly clays intercalated within a carbonate-dominated succession. This unit records a massive input into the Pyrenean Gulf of fine-grained terrestrial siliciclastics, attributed to an abrupt hydrological change during the PETM. However, the nature of such a change remains controversial. Here we show that, in addition to fine-grained deposits, large volumes of coarse-grained siliciclastics were brought into the basin and were mostly accumulated in incised valleys and in a long-lived deep-sea channel. The occurrence of these coarse-grained deposits has been known for some time, but their correlation with the PETM is reported here for the first time. The bulk of the incised valley deposits in the PETM interval are cross-bedded sands and pebbly sands, almost exclusively made of quartz. The criteria for indicting a relation to the PETM include their stratigraphic position between upper Thanetian and lower Ilerdian marine carbonates, organic carbon isotope data, and a high percentage of kaolinite in the clay matrix. The axially flowing deep-sea channel existed throughout Paleocene times in the Pyrenean Basin, within which coarse-grained calciclastic and siliciclastic turbidites were accumulated. This Paleocene succession is capped by thickly bedded quartz sandstones and pebbly sandstones, probably deposited by hyperpycnal flows, which are here assigned to the PETM based on their stratigraphic position and organic carbon isotopic data. The large and simultaneous increase in coarse- and fine-grained terrestrial siliciclastics delivered to the Pyrenean Gulf during the PETM is attributed to an increased intra-annual humidity gradient. During the PETM a longer and drier summer season facilitated the erosion of landscapes, whereas a dramatic enhancement of precipitation extremes during the wet season led to intensified flood events, with rivers carrying greater volumes of both bed and suspended loads. This scenario argues against the possibility that PETM kaolinites indicate a coeval warm and humid climate in northern Spain. Instead, the kaolinite reflects the erosion of thick Cretaceous lateritic profiles developed on the Hercynian basement.

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Section: Age Modelsmentioning

confidence: 93%

A massive input of coarse-grained siliciclastics in the Pyrenean Basin during the PETM: the missing ingredient in a coeval abrupt change in hydrological regime

2015

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“…Oriented equatorial sections of megalospheric and partly microspherical specimens (A and B forms, respectively) were prepared because the most important taxonomic and evolutionary parameters are observed in this part of the test (Less, 1987;Ferràndez-Cañadell, 1998). Biometric measurements and counts were Drobne et al (2014) and Papazzoni et al (2017) with respect to the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. The orthophragminid zones (OZ) are from Less et al (2007) and their boundaries with respect to SBZ zones are after Papazzoni et al (2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleocene orthophragminids from the Lakadong Limestone, Mawmluh Quarry section, Meghalaya (Shillong, NE India): implications for the regional geology and paleobiogeography

Özcan

Pignatti

Pereira

et al. 2018

J. Micropalaeontol.

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Abstract. The late Paleocene orthophragminids, hitherto poorly known from the Himalayan foreland basins, are studied from the Lakadong Limestone in Meghalaya, northeastern India, in order to establish a systematic, biostratigraphic, and paleobiogeographical framework for them in the eastern Tethys. In the Mawmluh Quarry section (MQS) on the Shillong Plateau, to the southeast of Tibet, orthophragminids are associated with typical Paleocene orbitoidiform taxa endemic to the Indian subcontinent, i.e., Lakadongia Matsumaru & Jauhri (= Setia Ferràndez-Cañadell) and Orbitosiphon Rao, and various species of alveolinids, miscellaneids, and rotaliids, characterizing the Shallow Benthic Zones (SBZ) 3 and 4. The orthophragminids belong to two lineages of the genus Orbitoclypeus Silvestri: O. schopeni (Checchia-Rispoli) and O. multiplicatus (Gümbel), both well known from the peri-Mediterranean region and Europe (western Tethys). The latter species is identified here for the first time from the eastern Tethys. Previous records of the genus Discocyclina Gümbel from the Lakadong Limestone actually correspond to misidentified Orbitoclypeus; this implies that the late Paleocene orthophragminid assemblages from Meghalaya and eastern Tethys were less diverse than in the western Tethys. The lineage of Orbitoclypeus schopeni in the lower part of the Lakadong Limestone (SBZ 3) is identified as O. schopeni cf. ramaraoi based on the morphometry of a few specimens, whereas in the upper part (SBZ 4) it corresponds to a transitional development stage between O. schopeni ramaraoi and O. schopeni neumannae (with average Dmean values ranging between 192 and 199 µm). The embryon diameters of O. multiplicatus, recorded only in SBZ 4, range between 300 and 319 µm on average, corresponding to transitional development stages of O. multiplicatus haymanaensis and O. multiplicatus multiplicatus. Our data, along with a review of previous Paleocene and Eocene records from India and Pakistan, suggest that Orbitoclypeus is the only orthophragminid in the Paleocene of the eastern Tethys, whereas Discocyclina first appears in early Eocene times, being mainly represented by endemic taxa confined to the Indian subcontinent. Facies change in the MQS from a marine to continental setting within SBZ 4 corresponds to the oldest record from the Indian plate in the Paleogene, which may be linked to the flexural uplift of the passive margin of the Indian plate, marking the onset of the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates.

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“…During the eighteen years since the appearance of the SB zonation, a wealth of data on the morphology, biostratigraphy, and paleogeography of Paleogene LBF became available, leading to significant updates ( Fig. 1): (1) Increasing the precision in determining boundaries and achieving further subdivision of the previous standard zones as results of biometric studies on different nummulitid genera such as Heterostegina and Spiroclypeus (Less and Ozcan 2008) or through a multidisciplinary study of a section (Less et al 2011;Zakrevskaya et al 2011;Ozcan et al 2009Ozcan et al , 2014Ozcan et al , 2015; (2) Increasing knowledge of the characteristic foraminiferal assemblages in standard biozones, due to new studies on composition, ecology, and age attribution of regional faunas spanning from the Pyrenean Basin, to the Adriatic-Apulian area, Greece, Eastern Africa, Turkey, Oman, Pakistan, and Tibet (Benedetti et al 2010(Benedetti et al , 2011Pearson 2011, 2012;Zhang et al 2013;Accordi et al 2014;Cotton et al 2014Cotton et al , 2015Drobne et al 2014;Kahsnitz et al 2016); (3) New attempts at correlating the SB zones with isotope and magnetic stratigraphy and with the standard plankton zones (Rodriguez-Pintó 2012Gebhardt et al 2013;Egger et al 2013;Molina et al 2016); (4) New studies of foraminiferal assemblages from the Peritethys (Crimea, Northern Caucasus to Mangyschlak, Northern Peri-Aralian areas) and from the Caribbean region (Zakrevskaya 2011;Molina et al 2016); and (5) New detailed studies of the systematics and inner structures of particular LBF groups, such as rotaliids, larger miliolids, and ophtalmidids (Hottinger 2009(Hottinger , 2014Benedetti and Briguglio 2012;Benedetti 2015;Briguglio et al 2011Briguglio et al , 2013Briguglio et al , 2016.…”

Section: Updating the Sb Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Calibrated Larger Foraminifera Biostratigraphic Zonation: Celebrating 18 Years of the Application of Shallow Benthic Zones

Papazzoni¹,

Ćosović²,

Briguglio³

et al. 2017

PALAIOS

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The Shallow Benthic Zonation is one of the most important achievements of biostratigraphy in the last twenty years. Here we summarize the state of the art in the field of Larger Benthic Foraminifera (LBF) and sketch the main lines of research that are improving the precision and usefulness of this scale. The goal of updating the zonation requires a wealth of data coming not only from biostratigraphic investigations but also from paleoenvironmental analyses, biological knowledge, rigorous taxonomic determination, and understanding of paleobiogeography. The papers collected for this special issue are contributions to this broad research program

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Identification of the Palaeocene–Eocene Boundary Based on Larger Foraminifers in Deposits of the Palaeogene Adriatic Carbonate Platform, Southwestern Slovenia

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

A massive input of coarse-grained siliciclastics in the Pyrenean Basin during the PETM: the missing ingredient in a coeval abrupt change in hydrological regime

A massive input of coarse-grained siliciclastics in the Pyrenean Basin during the PETM: the missing ingredient in a coeval abrupt change in hydrological regime

Paleocene orthophragminids from the Lakadong Limestone, Mawmluh Quarry section, Meghalaya (Shillong, NE India): implications for the regional geology and paleobiogeography

Towards a Calibrated Larger Foraminifera Biostratigraphic Zonation: Celebrating 18 Years of the Application of Shallow Benthic Zones

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