Identification of the transformation products of 17α-ethinylestradiol and 17β-estradiol by mass spectrometry and other instrumental techniques

Catalytic oxidative degradation of 17α-ethinylestradiol by FeIII-TAML/H2O2: Estrogenicities of the products of partial, and extensive oxidation

“…by ozone (O 3 ), oxygen under photosensitizing conditions, hydroxyl radical ($OH), chlorine dioxide, ferrate (Fe(VI)), cytochrome P450, chlorination and bromination, have all confirmed that reaction initially occurs at Ring A (Alum et al, 2004;Skotnicka-Pitak et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2004). Oxidative biodegradation of EE 2 also proceeds via initial oxidation of Ring A.…”

Advances in the analysis of steroid hormone drugs in pharmaceuticals and environmental samples (2004–2010)

“…Of the several reviews published on the determination of drugs in the environment three papers published after 2004 concentrating on steroids are mentioned [143][144][145]. The analytical aspects of the transformation of steroid hormones in sewage by microbiological, oxidative and photochemical treatment are also a challenging field but this is outside the scope of this paper; for a review see [146]. It is to be mentioned that in many studies summarized in Table 2 the determination of non-steroidal (synthetic) estrogens such as diethylstilbestrol, other endocrine disruptors, mainly degradation products of nonionic surfactants, octylphenol and nonylphenol, as well as other, widely used drugs were also included.…”

Elucidation of the dissociation pathways of electro‐ionized estrone

“…These modes imply knowledge of the mass-to charge-ratios of ions to be detected and, hence, the fragmentation pathways of target compounds to ensure specificity. 22 With the further aim of characterizing the transformation products of E1, we investigated the dissociation pathways of estrone submitted to electron impact. Shifts in m/z ratios in the mass spectra of E1 degradation products, compared to those of E1 mass spectrum, should help to elucidate their structure.…”

“…36 In the following fragmentation mechanisms, all the proposed structures are in agreement with high-resolution m/z measurements, reported in Table 2, as well as with the m/z shifts observed in the E1-d 4 and MeE1 mass spectra. (7) 246 (5) 256 (5) 226 (6) 228 (6) 240 (2) 214 (9) 216 (7) 228 (5) 213 (20) 215 (21) 227 (9) 199 (8) 201 (9) 213 (5) 185 (49) 187 (30) 199 (52) 189 (22) 172 (30) 174 (32) 186 (22) 159 (14) 162 (19) 173 (10) 157 (16) 160 (20) 171 (9) 159 (20) 146 (26) 148 (24) 160 (25) 133 (9) 135 (7) 147 (6) 131 (11) 133 (15) 145 (6) a-cleavages and following fragmentations…”