Identification of the Volatile Compounds and Observation of the Glandular Trichomes in Opisthopappus taihangensis and Four Species of Chrysanthemum

Guo, Yanhong; Zhang, Tengxun; Zhong, Jian; Ba, Tingting; Xu, Ting; Zhang, Qixiang; Sun, Ming

doi:10.3390/plants9070855

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Terpenoids are widely distributed plant secondary metabolites with distinct chemical structures. They produce various aromas and participate in plant defense and pollination [20]. The numerous valuable biological activities (anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, hypolipidemic, cholesterol-lowering, antiatherosclerotic, anticarcinogenic, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triterpenoids and Other Non-Polar Compounds in Leaves of Wild and Cultivated Vaccinium Species

Vrancheva

Ivanov

Dincheva

et al. 2021

Plants

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The purpose of the current study was to identify and quantify triterpenoids and other non-polar compounds in the leaves of three high bush blueberry cultivars (Vaccinium corymbosum L. var. Bluegold, var. Bluecrop and var. Elliott) and three natural populations of Vaccinium species (Vaccinium uliginosum L., Vaccinium myrtillus L. and Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) by means of gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Metabolite profiles differed significantly among the Vaccinium species analyzed, as well as among the populations of the same species. The populations of V. vitis-idaea predominantly contained relative concentrations of phytosterols (varying between 10.48% of total ion current (TIC) and 22.29% of TIC) and almost twice the content of triterpenes (from 29.84% of TIC to 49.62% of TIC) of the other berry species investigated. The leaves of V. corymbosum varieties biosynthesized the highest relative amount of fatty acids, while the leaves of the populations of V. uliginosum had the highest relative concentrations of fatty alcohols. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) showed that the diverse populations of each berry species analyzed differed from each other, most likely due to variations in the climatic and geographical conditions of their localities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triterpenoids and Other Non-Polar Compounds in Leaves of Wild and Cultivated Vaccinium Species

Vrancheva

Ivanov

Dincheva

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…The genes related to secondary metabolism are pertinent for the responses of plants to various environmental stimuli. O. taihangensis and O. longilobus secrete chemicals and exude aromas to protect against biological and abiotic stresses [52]. These chemicals are primarily secondary metabolites, including polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids.…”

Section: Secondary Metabolites Related To Tfs and Psgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adaptive Characteristics Of Tfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (FRPS), the surfaces of O. longilobus leaves are smooth and glabrous, while O. taihangensis is sparsely pubescent on both leaf surfaces, which include glandular trichomes and non-glandular trichomes [52]. The terpenoids produced in O. taihangensis can be released through glandular trichomes give rise to the unique aroma for communication and defense [52]. For O. longilobus, owing to the lack of glandular trichomes on the surfaces of its leaves, terpenoid biosynthesis genes are more highly expressed to compensate for this de cit through the use of alternate emission strategies.…”

Section: Adaptive Characteristics Of Tfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation Insights from Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Two Opisthopappus Species in the Taihang Mountains

Chen

Zhang

Zang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Opisthopappus is a major wild source of Asteraceae with good cold and drought resistance. Two species of this genus (Opisthopappus taihangensis and Opisthopappus longilobus) have been employed as model systems to address the evolutionary history of perennial herb biomes in the Taihang Mountains of China. However, further studies on the adaptive divergence processes of these two species are currently impeded by the lack of genomic resources. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved, a comparative analysis of these two species was conducted. Among the identified transcription factors, the bHLH members were most prevalent, which exhibited significantly different expression levels in the terpenoid metabolic pathway. O. longilobus revealed a higher expression than did O. taihangensis in terms of terpenes biosynthesis and metabolism, particularly regarding monoterpenoids and diterpenoids. Analyses of the positive selection genes (PSGs) identified from O. taihangensis and O. longilobus, 1203 genes were found that related to adaptative divergence, which were under rapid evolution and/or have signs of positive selection. Different PSG expressions occurred primarily in the mitochondrial electron transport, starch degradation, secondary metabolism, as well as nucleotide synthesis and S-metabolism pathway processes. Two PSGs were obviously differentially expressed in terpenes biosynthesis that might result in the fragrances divergence between O. longilobus and O. taihangensis, which would provide insights as to how the two species adapted to different environments, characterized by sub-humid warm temperate and temperate continental monsoon climates. The comparative analysis for these two species of Opisthopappus not only revealed how the divergence occurred from molecular perspective, but also provided novel insights into how differential adaptations occurred in Taihang Mountains.

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“…At present, more than 435 terpenoids (mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes) have been identified in 36 Chrysanthemum species [ 5 ]. These terpenes were widely found in various organs of Chrysanthemum plants, such as flowers, leaves, stems and roots [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. However, numerous studies have only focused on the isolation and characterization of terpenoids from flowerheads and leaves, which are rich in monoterpenoid and sesquiterpenoid volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Relationship between Trichome and Terpene Chemistry in Chrysanthemum

Guan

Chen

et al. 2022

Plants

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Chrysanthemum is a popular ornamental plant with a long history of cultivation. Both the leaf and flowerhead of Chrysanthemum are known to produce diverse secondary metabolites, particularly terpenoids. Here we aimed to determine the relationship between terpene chemistry and the trichome traits in Chrysanthemum. In our examination of three cultivars of C. morifilium and three accessions of C. indicum, all plants contained T-shaped trichomes and biseriate peltate glandular trichomes. The biseriate peltate glandular trichome contained two basal cells, two stalk cells, six secondary cells and a subcuticular space, while the non-glandular T-shaped trichome was only composed of stalk cells and elongated cells. Histochemical staining analysis indicated that the biseriate peltate glandular trichome contained terpenoids and lipid oil droplets but not the T-shaped trichome. Next, experiments were performed to determine the relationship between the accumulation and emission of the volatile terpenoids and the density of trichomes on the leaves and flowerheads in all six Chrysanthemum cultivars\accessions. A significant correlation was identified between the monoterpenoid and sesquiterpenoid content and the density of glandular trichomes on the leaves, with the correlation coefficients being 0.88, 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. In contrast, there was no significant correlation between the volatile terpenoid content and the density of T-shaped trichomes on the leaves. In flowerheads, a significant correlation was identified between the emission rate of terpenoids and the number of glandular trichomes on the disc florets, with a correlation coefficient of 0.95. Interestingly, the correlation between the density of glandular trichomes and concentrations of terpenoids was insignificant. In summary, the relationship between trichomes and terpenoid chemistry in Chrysanthemum is clearly established. Such knowledge may be helpful for breeding aromatic Chrysanthemum cultivars by modulating the trichome trait.

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Identification of the Volatile Compounds and Observation of the Glandular Trichomes in Opisthopappus taihangensis and Four Species of Chrysanthemum

Cited by 25 publications

References 52 publications

Triterpenoids and Other Non-Polar Compounds in Leaves of Wild and Cultivated Vaccinium Species

Triterpenoids and Other Non-Polar Compounds in Leaves of Wild and Cultivated Vaccinium Species

Adaptation Insights from Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Two Opisthopappus Species in the Taihang Mountains

Exploring the Relationship between Trichome and Terpene Chemistry in Chrysanthemum

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