Identification of the WRKY gene family and the functional analysis of DoWRKY71 in yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.)

Abstract

Background:Dioscorea opposita Thunb. is one of the top 10 most important edible tuber and root plants worldwide, have been widely cultivated for nutritional and medicinal purposes. Yam is susceptible to various biological and abiotic stresses that will affect the yield and quality of the tubers. The WRKY gene family are widely distributed in plants growth and respond to abiotic stresses. However, current information on WRKY characteristics in yam is limited. Results: This study identifed 22 DoWRKYgenes from transcriptome of Dioscorea spp., which were divided into 6 clades based on phylogenetic analysis. Analysis of conserved motifs showed that there were 10 conserved motifs, with lengths ranging between 17 and 50 amino acids. Expression pattern analysis showed DoWRKYgenes are expressed in different growth and development stages and responsed to a variety of abiotic stress. DoWRKY71 was up-regulated in the late stage of tuber expansion, and it was differentially expressed in cold and ABA stress. Therefore, further study indicated that DoWRKY71 protein was localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of DoWRKY71 enhanced the cold tolerance of transgenic tobacco, promoted abscisic acid-mediated stomatal closure. Conclusions: This paper is the first systematic analysis the WRKY gene family in Dioscorea spp., and provide a new insight for further studying WRKY transcription factors in Dioscorea spp.. The functional study of DoWRKY71 laid a theoretical foundation for further exploring the regulatory function of DoWRKY71 gene in the growth and development related signaling pathway of yam.

Identification of WRKY gene family in Dioscorea opposita Thunb. reveals that DoWRKY71 enhanced the tolerance to cold and ABA stress

“…The presence of WRKY motif was confirmed using the online program PFAM ( ), Conserved Domains DataBase Search ( ) and SMART tool ( ). The open reading frame (ORF) of the candidate sequences with complete WRKY transcription factors was predicted from the search results using ORF Finder ( ) (Portions of this text were previously published as part of a preprint ( )) ( Xing et al, 2022 ).…”

Assessment Method of Cloud Service Trusted State Based on Fuzzy Entropy and Markov chain

“…Next, this paper will compare the proposed method with other mature methods to illustrate the characteristics of this method. These methods are assessment methods based on information entropy [20][21][22] , assessment methods based on AHP [14,15,40] , assessment methods based on risk matrix [31,32] and assessment methods based on D-S evidence theory [26][27][28][29][30] . These methods are relatively mature assessment methods, which suitable for assessing uncertain systems with multiple objectives.…”

“…However, how to reduce the gap between the assessment results and the real data is a problem that needs attention in this method. Using the above methods, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out research on cloud service trustworthiness, either based on service QoS parameters [26][27][28] , or based on user feedback [29] , or based on third-party monitoring data [30,31] . Among them, the assessment based on QoS assessment only focuses on quality of service; The assessment based on user feedback evaluation has high requirements for the accumulation of historical data; The assessment based on third-party supervision or assessment data, needs to establish a special monitoring mechanism and requires high costs.…”