Identification of Theileria parva and Theileria sp. (buffalo) 18S rRNA gene sequence variants in the African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in southern Africa

Chaisi, Mamohale E.; Sibeko, Kgomotso P.; Collins, Nicola E.; Potgieter, F.T.; Oosthuizen, Marinda C.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.041

Cited by 42 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…No Babesia genotypes were found in buffalo and corresponds to other RLB studies (Mans et al 2011a;Chaisi et al 2011;Pienaar et al 2014). Conversely, B. bigemina and B.…”

Section: Geographic Distribution Of Genotypes Babesia Speciessupporting

confidence: 86%

“…(buffalo) and T. sp. (bougasvlei) (Chaisi et al 2011;Mans et al 2011b;Pienaar et al 2011a;Pienaar et al 2014…”

Section: Mutans T Mutans Msd T Parva and T Veliferamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More sequences were found for T. mutans-like 1/2/3 compared to T. mutans and T. mutans MSD, suggesting that these latter genotypes generally occur at lower parasitemia in buffalo than buffalo specific genotypes. This is of interest since, RLB based studies indicated a high prevalence of T. mutans in buffalo (Oura et al 2011;Chaisi et al 2011;Pienaar et al 2014), but this has probably been confounded by the non-specificity of the T. mutans probe that also detect T.…”

Section: Prevalence and Relative Parasitemia Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the diversity of the 18S SSU rRNA hyper-variable region of Theileria in cattle and Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) from southern Africa using a next generation sequencing approach

Mans

Pienaar

Ratabane

et al. 2016

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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Molecular classification and systematics of the Theileria is based on the analysis of the 18S rRNA gene. Reverse line blot or conventional sequencing approaches have disadvantages in the study of 18S rRNA diversity and a next-generation 454 sequencing approach was investigated. The 18S rRNA gene was amplified using RLB primers coupled to 96 unique sequence identifiers (MIDs). Theileria positive samples from African buffalo (672) and cattle (480) from southern Africa were combined in batches of 96 and sequenced using the GS Junior 454 sequencer to produce 825711 informative sequences. Sequences were extracted based on MIDs and analysed to identify Theileria genotypes. Genotypes observed in buffalo and cattle were confirmed in the current study, while no new genotypes were discovered.Genotypes showed specific geographic distributions, most probably linked with vector distributions. Host specificity of buffalo and cattle specific genotypes were confirmed and prevalence data as well as relative parasitemia trends indicate preference for different hosts.Mixed infections are common with African buffalo carrying more genotypes compared to cattle. Associative or incongruent co-infection profiles were observed between genotypes that may have implications for speciation and systematics: specifically that more Theileria species may exist in cattle and buffalo than currently recognized. Analysis of primers used for Theileria parva diagnostics indicate that no new genotypes will be amplified by the current primer sets confirming their specificity. Theileria parva SNP variants that occur in the 18S rRNA hypervariable region were confirmed. A next generation sequencing approach is useful in obtaining comprehensive knowledge regarding 18S rRNA diversity and prevalence for the Theileria, allowing for the assessment of systematics and diagnostic assays based on the 18S gene.Keywords: 18S SSU, Diversity, Next-generation sequencing, species, Theileria, Theileria parva 3 IntroductionThe Babesia and Theileria are part of the phylum Apicomplexa (Order Piroplasmorida) (Mans et al. 2015 A significant proportion of the systematic study of the Piroplasmorida comprise analysis of the 18S rRNA gene (Allsopp et al. 1994;Chae et al. 1999;Chansiri et al. 1999;Criado-Fornelio et al. 2004;Reichard et al. 2005;Criado et al. 2006;Altay et al. 2007;Bhoora et al. 2009). The reverse line blot (RLB) method (Gubbels et al. 1999), based on simultaneous detection of the 18S rRNA gene for various Babesia and Theileria species, has been extensively used for surveillance purposes (Georges et al. 2001; Almerìa et al. 2002;Oura et al. 2004;Nijhof et al. 2003Nijhof et al. , 2005Altay et al. 2007;M'ghirbi et al. 2008;Altay et al. 2008;Matjila et al. 2008;Oosthuizen et al. 2008; Almerìa et al. 2009;Salih et al. 2010;Yusufmia et al. 2010; Tomassone et al. 2012;Ceci et al. 2014;Githaka et al. 2014;Eygelaar et al. 2015;Njiiri et al. 2015). The method relies on the amplification of the V4 hypervariable region of the 18S rRNA gene, followed by hybridization t...

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“…No Babesia genotypes were found in buffalo and corresponds to other RLB studies (Mans et al 2011a;Chaisi et al 2011;Pienaar et al 2014). Conversely, B. bigemina and B.…”

Section: Geographic Distribution Of Genotypes Babesia Speciessupporting

confidence: 86%

“…(buffalo) and T. sp. (bougasvlei) (Chaisi et al 2011;Mans et al 2011b;Pienaar et al 2011a;Pienaar et al 2014…”

Section: Mutans T Mutans Msd T Parva and T Veliferamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevalence and Relative Parasitemia Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the diversity of the 18S SSU rRNA hyper-variable region of Theileria in cattle and Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) from southern Africa using a next generation sequencing approach

Mans

Pienaar

Ratabane

et al. 2016

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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“…(buffalo) and T. sp. (bougasvlei) would be considered to be the same species and the 18S variants different allelic forms (Chaisi et al 2011). Differences in geographic distribution would be due to changes in allelic frequencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic distribution of Theileria sp. (buffalo) and Theileria sp. (bougasvlei) in Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in southern Africa: implications for speciation

et al. 2013

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Strict control measures apply to movement of buffalo in South Africa including testing for Theileria parva, the causative agent of Corridor disease in cattle. The official test is a real-time hybridization PCR assay that amplifies the 18S rRNA V4 hyper-variable region of T. parva, T. sp. (buffalo) and T. sp. (bougasvlei). Mixed infections with the latter organisms affect diagnostic sensitivity due to PCR suppression. While the incidence of mixed infections in the Corridor disease endemic region of South Africa is significant, little information is available on the specific distribution and prevalence of T. sp. (buffalo) and T. sp. (bougasvlei). Specific real-time PCR assays were developed and a total of 1211 samples known to harbour these parasites were screened. Both parasites are widely distributed in southern Africa and the incidence of mixed infections with T. parva within the endemic region is similar (* 25-50%). However, a significant discrepancy exists in regard to mixed infections of T. sp. (buffalo) and T. sp. (bougasvlei) (* 10%). Evidence for speciation between T. sp. (buffalo) and T. sp. (bougasvlei) is supported by phylogenetic analysis of the COI gene, and their designation as different species. This suggests mutual exclusion of parasites and the possibility of hybrid sterility in cases of mixed infections.

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“…The samples were selected from a previous study (Chaisi et al, 2011) and had either tested positive for several different Theileria spp. using the reverse line blot (RLB) hybridization assay or only hybridized with the Theileria and/or Babesia genus-specific probe and not with any of the Theileria and/or Babesia speciesspecific probes (Table 1).…”

Section: Blood Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence variation identified in the 18S rRNA gene of Theileria mutans and Theileria velifera from the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)

Chaisi

Collins

Potgieter

et al. 2013

Veterinary Parasitology

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The African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is a natural reservoir host for both pathogenic and nonpathogenic Theileria species. These often occur naturally as mixed infections in buffalo.Although the benign and mildly pathogenic forms do not have any significant economic importance, their presence could complicate the interpretation of diagnostic test results aimed at the specific diagnosis of the pathogenic T. parva in cattle and buffalo in South Africa. The 18S rRNA gene has been used as the target in a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay for the detection of T. parva infections. However, the extent of sequence variation within this gene in the non-pathogenic Theileria spp. of the Africa buffalo is not well known. The aim of this study was, therefore, to characterize the full-length 18S rRNA genes of T. mutans, Theileria sp. (strain MSD) and T. velifera and to determine the possible influence of any 2 sequence variation on the specific detection of T. parva using the 18S rRNA qPCR. The reverse line blot (RLB) hybridization assay was used to select samples which either tested positive for several different Theileria spp., or which hybridized only with the Babesia/Theileria genus-specific probe and not with any of the Babesia or Theileria speciesspecific probes. The full-length 18S rRNA genes from 14 samples, originating from 13 buffalo and one bovine from different localities in South Africa, were amplified, cloned and the resulting recombinants sequenced. Variations in the 18S rRNA gene sequences were identified in T. mutans, Theileria sp. (strain MSD) and T. velifera, with the greatest diversity observed amongst the T. mutans variants. This variation possibly explained why the RLB hybridization assay failed to detect T. mutans and T. velifera in some of the analysed samples.

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Identification of Theileria parva and Theileria sp. (buffalo) 18S rRNA gene sequence variants in the African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in southern Africa

Cited by 42 publications

References 53 publications

Investigating the diversity of the 18S SSU rRNA hyper-variable region of Theileria in cattle and Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) from southern Africa using a next generation sequencing approach

Investigating the diversity of the 18S SSU rRNA hyper-variable region of Theileria in cattle and Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) from southern Africa using a next generation sequencing approach

Geographic distribution of Theileria sp. (buffalo) and Theileria sp. (bougasvlei) in Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in southern Africa: implications for speciation

Sequence variation identified in the 18S rRNA gene of Theileria mutans and Theileria velifera from the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)

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