Identification of three members of the Anopheles funestus (Diptera: Culicidae) group and their role in malaria transmission in two ecological zones in Nigeria

Awolola, T. S.; Oyewole, Isaac O.; Koekemoer, Lizette L.; Coetzee, Maureen

doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2004.12.003

Cited by 49 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…There are seven ecological zones in Nigeria, the arid savannah in the north gradually turning to humid forest in the south. 10 Rainfall is the real climatic variable in Nigeria with June to September the rainiest months throughout the country. Mosquitoes were collected from the following four ecotypes based on accessibility, logistics, personnel and ethical reasons.…”

Section: Study Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission dynamics of malaria in four selected ecological zones of Nigeria in the rainy season

et al. 2009

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Background:Two of the problems of malaria parasite vector control in Nigeria are the diversity of Anopheline vectors and large size of the country. Anopheline distribution and transmission dynamics of malaria were therefore compared between four ecotypes in Nigeria during the rainy season. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used in molecular identification after morphological identification microscopically. Enzyme linked immunorsorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the blood meal analysis and sporozoite detection. Results: Five species were identified out of 16,410 anophelines collected. An. gambiae s.s made up approximately 29.2%-36.6% of the population in each zone. All five species acted as vectors for P. falciparum. An. gambiae s.s had the highest sporozoite rate. The most infected mosquitoes were found in the rain forest. More blood meals were taken from bovids, except the savannah forest, where 73.3% were on humans and Human Blood index (HBI) was 57.3%. The Entomological inoculation rate (EIR) was a mean of 13.6 ib/p but was highest in the rainforest zone. Conclusions and limitations:This study demonstrates the complex distribution of anophelines and the considerable variations in the intensity of malaria transmission in Nigeria. We highlight the need to consider diverse epidemiological situations when planning countrywide control programmes. Key words: Malaria; vectors; Plasmodium falciparum; transmission dynamics; ecotypes RésuméFond: Deux des problèmes de la commande de vecteur de parasite de malaria au Nigéria sont la diversité des vecteurs d'Anopheline et grande taille du pays. La distribution d'Anopheline et la dynamique de transmission de la malaria ont été donc comparées entre quatre ecotypes au Nigéria pendant la saison des pluies. Méthodes: La réaction en chaîne de polymérase (PCR) a été employée dans l'identification moléculaire après identification morphologique au microscope. L'analyse immunorsorbent liée par enzyme (ELISA) a été employée pour la détection d'analyse et de sporozoite de repas de sang. Résultats: Cinq espèces ont été identifiées sur 16.410 anophelines rassemblés. gambiae s.s composés approximativement 29.2-36.6% de la population dans chaque zone. Chacune des cinq espèces a agi en tant que vecteurs pour P. falciparum. gambiae s.s a eu le taux de sporozoite le plus élevé. Les moustiques les plus infectés ont été trouvés dans la forêt tropicale . Plus de repas de sang ont été pris des bovids, excepté la forêt de la savane, où 73.3% étaient sur des humains et l'index humain de sang (HBI) était 57.3%. Le taux entomologique d'inoculation (EIR) était un moyen de 13.6 ib/p mais était le plus haut dans la zone de forêt tropicale.

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Section: Study Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission dynamics of malaria in four selected ecological zones of Nigeria in the rainy season

et al. 2009

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“…Awolola et al [8] reported that there is little information on sporozoite rates of Anopheles mosquitoes. This observation was the basis of several studies he carried out in Nigeria from 2003 -2005.…”

Section: Malaria Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, the distribution of the molecular M (Mopti) and S (Savannah) forms of An. gambiae s.s is still being determined for much of the West African regions [6,8]. The malaria problem in sub-Saharan Africa represents a peculiar case because the vectoral system is the most complex anywhere.…”

Section: Malaria Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The An. gambiae complex is not the only vector in the field [6,8]. Targeting only this species by whatever method is nonsense.…”

Section: Malaria Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is another component of vectoral capacity and competence. The attractiveness of a blood meal host and the subsequent feeding success of a mosquito depend on characteristics such as host size, proximity to mosquito habitats, host abundance during mosquito hostseeking periods, and host defense mechanisms [7,8].…”

Section: Malaria Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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