Identification of Tropical Maize Germplasm with Tolerance to Drought, Nitrogen Deficiency, and Combined Heat and Drought Stresses

Trachsel, Samuel; Leyva, Mayolo; López, M. Gutiérrez; Suarez, Edgar Antonio; Mendoza, A.; Montiel, Noel Orlando Gómez; Macías, Mauro Sierra; Burgueño, Juan; Vicente, Félix San

doi:10.2135/cropsci2016.03.0182

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The observed significant correlations between the same traits measured under DS, DSHTS as well as WW conditions suggest the presence of common genetic factors controlling expression of these traits under the three growing conditions. However, the observed weak correlations between grain yield under DS and DSHTS indicate the presence of independent genetic factors controlling yield performance under these conditions, which agrees with previous studies [4,34]. The significant association of grain yield under DS with yield under WW observed in our study is consistent with the findings of other researchers [4,36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The significant association of grain yield under DS with yield under WW observed in our study is consistent with the findings of other researchers [4,36]. This result, however, contradicts the findings of Trachsel et al [34] who reported very weak correlation (r = 0.075) between grain yield under optimum and that under stressed conditions. The strong correlation between grain yield and TB and BP demonstrated that these traits together with other secondary traits (ASI, EPP, ear and plant aspect cores, days to anthesis, and silking) should be included in an index to select promising genotypes under DSHTS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…We observed that some productive DT hybrids were tolerant to DSHTS as well as under WW conditions. However, some DT hybrids together with a commercial hybrid CH7 ranked among the worst yielders under DSHTS, with grain yields well below the trial mean, suggesting that not all DT hybrids are tolerant to DSHTS as found in other studies [4,34,35]. We identified three DT hybrids, M1227-17, M0826-3, and M1124-18, among the top 10 hybrids with consistently high grain yields under both DS and DSHTS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

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Performance Assessment of Drought Tolerant Maize Hybrids under Combined Drought and Heat Stress

et al. 2018

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Drought and high temperature are two major factors limiting maize productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. An increase in temperature above 30 • C reduces yield by 1% under optimal rain-fed condition and by 1.7% under drought stress (DS) and up to 40% under combined drought and heat stress (DSHTS). Approaches that improve performance under the two stresses are essential to sustain productivity. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the extent of variation in tolerance to DSHTS from among the existing best drought tolerant (DT) hybrids; (ii) examine the response patterns of the hybrids to DSHTS; (iii) identify traits that contributed to better performance under DSHTS; and (iv) select the best hybrids with tolerance to DSHTS stress. We evaluated 40 DT hybrids under DSHTS, DS, and well-watered (WW) conditions for three years. Highly significant (p < 0.001) differences were found among hybrids for grain yield and other traits. Moderately to low repeatability values were detected for grain yield under DS (0.63) and under DSHTS (0.48). Grain yield under DS was not correlated with grain yield under DSHTS (r = 0.29; p = 0.06), but it was correlated with grain yield under WW (r = 0.74; p < 0.001). Grain yield was strongly correlated with ears per plant, ear and pant aspects, days to anthesis and silking under both DS and DSHTS. Tassel blast accounted for 28% of the yield reduction under DSHTS. The top five DT hybrids produced 9 to 26% more grain yields than the best commercial hybrid. Three hybrids produced high grain yields under DTHTS and DS as well as under WW. These hybrids will be tested further in collaboration with partners for possible release.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

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Performance Assessment of Drought Tolerant Maize Hybrids under Combined Drought and Heat Stress

et al. 2018

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“…Yield at high N exhibited greater genetic variance (within heterotic groups and hybrids) and environmental variance, but lower residual variance than Yield −N . Greater genetic variance under high N when compared to low N has also been documented previously [43,44]. Conversely, genetic and environmental variance for harvest index at low N (HI −N ) were greater than at high N (HI +N ).…”

Section: Phenotypic Variation Of N-use Traitssupporting

confidence: 69%

Nitrogen Use Efficiency and the Genetic Variation of Maize Expired Plant Variety Protection Germplasm

2018

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Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in maize (Zea mays L.) is an important trait to optimize yield with minimal input of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Expired Plant Variety Protection (ex-PVP) Act-certified germplasm may be an important genetic resource for public breeding sectors. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the genetic variation of N-use traits and to characterize maize ex-PVP inbreds that are adapted to the U.S. Corn Belt for NUE performance. Eighty-nine ex-PVP inbreds (36 stiff stalk synthetic (SSS), and 53 non-stiff stalk synthetic (NSSS)) were genotyped using 26,769 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, then 263 single-cross maize hybrids derived from these inbreds were grown in eight environments from 2011 to 2015 at two N fertilizer rates (0 and 252 kg N ha −1 ) and three replications. Genetic utilization of inherent soil nitrogen and the yield response to N fertilizer were stable across environments and were highly correlated with yield under low and high N conditions, respectively. Cluster analysis identified inbreds with desirable NUE performance. However, only one inbred (PHK56) was ranked in the top 10% for yield under both N-stress and high N conditions. Broad-sense heritability across 12 different N-use traits varied from 0.11 to 0.77, but was not associated with breeding value accuracy. Nitrogen-stress tolerance was negatively correlated with the yield increase from N fertilizer.

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“…The production of maize affects a large proportion of the world population. As a C4 plant, maize has a high photosynthetic efficiency and acquires considerable biomass under an appropriate nitrogen (N) supply [1]. Since the green revolution, farmers have tended to maximize N fertilization to increase crop yield [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Yield-Based Low Nitrogen Tolerance Indices for Screening Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines

Zhao

Feng

et al. 2019

Agronomy

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To screen the desired criterion to identify desirable genotypes and select genotypes best suited to limited nitrogen availability in order to facilitate the practice of low-nitrogen-tolerant breeding in maize, the response of 31 maize inbred lines, containing four control inbred lines (PH6WC, PH4CV, Zheng58, and Chang7-2) and others selected from the Shaan A and Shaan B heterotic groups cultivated at Northwest A&F University (Yangling, Shaanxi, China), were evaluated. The experiment was conducted following a split plot design with two replications during three growing seasons (2015, 2016, and 2017) under both high nitrogen (HN) and low nitrogen (LN) conditions at the Yulin and Yangling in Shaanxi Province, China. Seven screening indices, based on grain yield under two contrasting nitrogen (N) conditions, the stress susceptibility index (SSI), yield stability index (YSI), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI), harmonic mean (HM), and low nitrogen tolerance index (LNTI), were computed to assess the overall index that accurately screened the desirable genotypes. The results of the correlation analyses and principal component analysis showed that MP, GMP, HM and STI were correlated with grain yield significantly and positively under contrasting N conditions, and were able to accurately discriminate the desirable genotypes. Compared with the control inbred lines, many inbred lines selected from the Shaan A and Shaan B groups showed a higher LN tolerance. This shows that we can effectively improve the LN tolerance of maize inbred lines through LN screening. Based on the screening indices, the three-dimensional diagram and genotype and genotype × environment (GGE) biplots are agreed with this results, and we identified KA105, KB081, KA225, 91227, and 2013KB-47 as the desired genotypes that have the potential to be used to breed a high yield and stable hybrid.

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Identification of Tropical Maize Germplasm with Tolerance to Drought, Nitrogen Deficiency, and Combined Heat and Drought Stresses

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

Performance Assessment of Drought Tolerant Maize Hybrids under Combined Drought and Heat Stress

Performance Assessment of Drought Tolerant Maize Hybrids under Combined Drought and Heat Stress

Nitrogen Use Efficiency and the Genetic Variation of Maize Expired Plant Variety Protection Germplasm

Evaluation of Yield-Based Low Nitrogen Tolerance Indices for Screening Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines

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