Identificaton of UV, green and red receptors, and their projection to lamina in the cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae

Shimohigashi, Miki; Tominaga, Yoshiya

doi:10.1007/bf00318399

Cited by 50 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…For visual systems with an array of both long and short wavelength photoreceptors, as in pierid butterflies (Shimohigashi & Tominaga 1991), this colour combination is thought to contrast strongly with the background against which these butterflies are most likely to be viewed, which is mostly green, UV absorbing foliage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pterin pigments amplify iridescent ultraviolet signal in males of the orange sulphur butterfly,Colias eurytheme

et al. 2005

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Animal colouration is typically the product of nanostructures that reflect or scatter light and pigments that absorb it. The interplay between these colour-producing mechanisms may influence the efficacy and potential information content of colour signals, but this notion has received little empirical attention. Wing scales in the male orange sulphur butterfly (Colias eurytheme) possess ridges with lamellae that produce a brilliant iridescent ultraviolet (UV) reflectance via thin-film interference. Curiously, these same scales contain pterin pigments that strongly absorb wavelengths below 550 nm. Given that male UV reflectance functions as a sexual signal in C. eurytheme, it is paradoxical that pigments in the wing scales are highly UV absorbing. We present spectrophotometric analyses of the wings before and after pterin removal that show that pterins both depress the amplitude of UV iridescence and suppress a diffuse UV reflectance that emanates from the scales. This latter effect enhances the directionality and spectral purity of the iridescence, and increases the signal's chromaticity and potential signal content. Our findings also suggest that pterins amplify the contrast between iridescent UV reflectance and scale background colour as a male's wings move during flight.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pterin pigments amplify iridescent ultraviolet signal in males of the orange sulphur butterfly,Colias eurytheme

et al. 2005

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“…6K) in the proximal one-third of the rhabdom. Figure 6J shows a layer where the microvilli of R6 and R8 occupy the whole rhabdom; R5 and R7 bear microvilli at layers slightly above and below this level (see also Meyer-Rochow 1971;Shimohigashi and Tominaga 1991). The basal photoreceptor R9 adds a few microvilli to the rhabdom close to the basement membrane (arrowheads in Fig.…”

Section: Pigmentationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The three different types of ommatidia of Papilio xuthus, in which we first studied ommatidial heterogeneity in detail, contain different sets of spectral receptors that can be divided into at least five spectral types (Arikawa et al 1987). Similarly, the compound eye of Pieris rapae is known to contain at least five different classes of spectral receptors (Shimohigashi and Tominaga 1991). The present anatomical study, showing that there are three anatomically distinct ommatidia, together with the different colors of the tapetal reflection observed in the different ommatidia, strongly indicates that each ommatidial type has a unique set of spectral receptors.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of butterflies with a tapetum, the visual characteristics of the Pieridae have been intensely investigated in the last few decades (Obara and Hidaka 1968;Ribi 1978Ribi , 1979aRibi , 1979bRibi , 1980Kolb 1978;Scherer and Kolb 1987;Shimohigashi and Tominaga 1991;Goulson and Cory 1993;Kandori and Ohsaki 1996). The study of Shimohigashi and Tominaga (1991) is of specific interest, as it shows that the compound eye of the small white, Pieris rapae, contains at least five different classes of spectral receptors, similar to those of Papilio xuthus (Arikawa et al 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of Shimohigashi and Tominaga (1991) is of specific interest, as it shows that the compound eye of the small white, Pieris rapae, contains at least five different classes of spectral receptors, similar to those of Papilio xuthus (Arikawa et al 1987). However, so far, the question of ommatidial heterogeneity has not been addressed in the Pieridae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ommatidial heterogeneity in the compound eye of the male small white butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora

Qiu

Vanhoutte

Stavenga

et al. 2002

Cell and Tissue Research

103

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Ommatidial heterogeneity in the compound eye of the male small white butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora Qiu, XD; Vanhoutte, KAJ; Stavenga, Doekele; Arikawa, K; Qiu, Xudong Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 11-05-2018Abstract The ommatidia in the ventral two-thirds of the compound eye of male Pieris rapae crucivora are not uniform. Each ommatidium contains nine photoreceptor cells. Four cells (R1-4) form the distal two-thirds of the rhabdom, four cells (R5-8) approximately occupy the proximal one-third of the rhabdom, and the ninth cell (R9) takes up a minor basal part of the rhabdom. The R5-8 photoreceptor cells contain clusters of reddish pigment adjacent to the rhabdom. From the position of the pigment clusters, three types of ommatidia can be identified: the trapezoidal (type I), square (type II), and rectangular type (type III). Microspectrophotometry with an epi-illumination microscope has revealed that the reflectance spectra of type I and type III ommatidia peak at 635 nm and those of type II ommatidia peak at 675 nm. The bandwith of the reflectance spectra is 40-50 nm. Type II ommatidia strongly fluoresce under ultra-violet and violet epi-illumination. The three types of ommatidia are randomly distributed. The ommatidial heterogeneity is presumably crucial for color discrimination.

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Synaptic organization in the lamina of the superposition eye of a skipper butterfly, Parnara guttata

Shimohigashi

Tominaga

1999

J. Comp. Neurol.

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The first optic neuropil of the compound eye, the lamina, of the skipper butterfly Parnara guttata, was examined by light microscopy after Golgi‐impregnation and by electron microscopy (EM) to clarify the cellular and synaptic organization. In the lamina, five different types of lamina neurons (L neurons) were characterized by using Golgi‐impregnation. By EM, each cartridge was found to contain all nine receptor axons from an ommatidium, five L neurons, and a few putative centrifugal elements. Axons from photoreceptors (retinula cells) R2, R3, R4, R6, R7, and R8 terminate as short visual fibers (svfs) in the lamina cartridge. Those from R1, R5, and R9 penetrate the lamina and terminate in the medulla as long visual fibers (lvfs). In the cartridges, the synaptic contacts were formed from svfs onto L neurons, from the lvfs of R1 and/or R5 to the lvf of R9 and L neurons, and from the lvf of R9 to L neurons. The putative centrifugal fibers also make synapses to svfs and L neurons. At the most distal level of the cartridge, one of the centrifugal fibers containing dense‐core vesicles makes presynaptic contacts to the putative long collaterals of the L neuron. A novel characteristic feature of this lamina is that svfs of R3 and R7 and the lvfs of R1 or R5 have long collaterals extending into neighboring cartridges. Presynaptic contacts were confirmed in such long collaterals from the svf. These results imply that receptor axons provide direct intercartridge connections as well as providing indirect connections to neighboring cartridges by way of their input upon L neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 408:107–124, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Identificaton of UV, green and red receptors, and their projection to lamina in the cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae

Cited by 50 publications

References 33 publications

Pterin pigments amplify iridescent ultraviolet signal in males of the orange sulphur butterfly,Colias eurytheme

Pterin pigments amplify iridescent ultraviolet signal in males of the orange sulphur butterfly,Colias eurytheme

Ommatidial heterogeneity in the compound eye of the male small white butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora

Synaptic organization in the lamina of the superposition eye of a skipper butterfly, Parnara guttata

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