Identifikasi Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka Berdasarkan Kecamatan Di Kabupaten Pekalongan Menggunakan Spatial Model

Abstract

Unemployment is an economic problem that the central and regional governments must resolve comprehensively and integrated. The open unemployment rate in Pekalongan Regency in the last three years has increased. It is influenced by several factors, one of which is the population growth rate. Likewise, the labor force participation rate has increased. It shows that the increasing availability of the workforce is not accompanied by additional employment and is not proportional to population growth. This study aims to determine the level of open unemployment and labor force participation in the sub-district, whether there is a relationship and mutual influence between sub-districts in Pekalongan Regency. The method used to see the correlation between sub-districts is the spatial analysis method. The method used to analyze the correlation between regions is the Moran's Index and the Moran Scatterplot, while to prove the dependence or spatial effect between regions partially used the LISA test. The test results show the Moran Index for the open unemployment rate of 0,915 and the labor force participation rate of 0,737 with a significance level of 5%. This measurement value shows that the Moran index value is close to 1, which means autocorrelation between neighboring sub-districts on the open unemployment rate and the labor force participation rate. While the LISA test results show that there are seven spatially related H-H districts, meaning that there is a strong correlation between the observed sub-districts and the surrounding districts. The strong correlation between observation sub-districts and their surroundings can be used as a reference for making policies in overcoming open unemployment between sub-districts. The policy for handling open unemployment has become more comprehensive and integrated among sub-districts by seeing that each sub-district has a spatial correlation and affects open unemployment in the district.

The dynamic and spatial distribution analysis of labour condition in Lampung Province before and during the COVID-19

“…This can happen because Way Kanan is an agricultural sector. The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted agricultural production and decreased profits so the number of farmers has decreased because their welfare is not guaranteed [10]. The same thing also happened in Tanggamus Regency, whose main sectors were agriculture and retail trade.…”

“…This is supported by the increase in population absorption including the labor force in absolute terms which reached 93.9 thousand workers (2.24%). The largest increase in employment occurred in the agricultural sector in the third quarter of 2020 because the agricultural sector managed to grow by 3.15% [10]. During the COVID-19 period, Lampung Province's employment conditions were disrupted but in general, it did not have a significant impact on the output of the economic activities carried out.…”