Identifying and elucidating the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospital environment to conventional disinfectants

Sarwar, Syed Mansoor; Saleem, Sidrah; Shahzad, Faheem; Jahan, Shah

doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2022.05.018

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A different study also reported a higher prevalence (about 80%) of MRSA on bedside surfaces of intensive care units a few hours after disinfection with hypochlorite [ 34 ]. The frequent contamination of post-disinfected surfaces other than inherent resistant characteristics of the bacteria, can be due to a high touch frequency from patients and health attendants [ 35 ], as shown for the locker and nurses’ table. The diversity in bacteria isolates on the oxygen device accessories could be attributed to the shedding of nose and throat commensals by patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial contamination on clinical surfaces and oxygen device accessories in the emergency unit of a tertiary health facility in Ghana

Thompson,

Badu,

Abban

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Nosocomial infections have gradually become an emerging threat to the healthcare system over the past decades and have been attributed to poor decontamination of hospital articles and weak antibacterial stewardship policies. This study sought to investigate the effect of disinfection on the prevalence and resistance profile of bacterial contaminants on oxygen device accessories, and clinical surfaces at the emergency unit of a tertiary health facility in Ghana. Methods The study employed a cross-sectional study design to evaluate the occurrence of bacteria on surfaces in a tertiary hospital. Luminal swabs of the oxygen device accessories and swabs from clinical surfaces used by healthcare providers were collected for isolation and identification of bacteria. The identified bacteria isolates were then tested for their susceptibility to antibacterial agents. Data from this study were analyzed using Excel (Microsoft Office Suite), and GraphPad Prism 8 software programs. Results A quarter of the total 44 bacterial isolates obtained from both post-disinfected and pre-disinfected surfaces were Gram-positive, with the remaining isolates being Gram-negative. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequent bacteria species isolated (41%) followed by Citrobacter sp. (21%). P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and S. pneumoniae were found to be highly resistant to Chloramphenicol (36%), and Sulfamethoxazole (100%); whereas Ciprofloxacin (91%) was the most effective antibacterial drug used. Conclusion The almost equal prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria from both post-disinfected and pre-disinfected surfaces of inanimate objects, and oxygen device accessories connote an ineffective disinfection process which may influence resistance in bacterial contaminants. This requires the overhaul of disinfection protocol and training of hospital staff, and rational use of antibacterial agents at the hospital to mitigating the burden of nosocomial infections.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial contamination on clinical surfaces and oxygen device accessories in the emergency unit of a tertiary health facility in Ghana

Thompson,

Badu,

Abban

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The evidence for the development of CHG resistance has been mixed. Several studies have showed decreased susceptibility to CHG in MRSA, VRE, CRAB, and CRKP strains 25–29 . Conversely, some studies did not identify CHG resistance 12,30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have showed decreased susceptibility to CHG in MRSA, VRE, CRAB, and CRKP strains. [25][26][27][28][29] Conversely, some studies did not identify CHG resistance. 12,30 And one study reported that all isolates tested, such as XDR E. coli, XDR A. baumannii, XDR P. aeruginosa, XDR K. pneumoniae, MRSA, and VRE, were highly susceptible to the CHG formulation (0.5%, 1%, 2%) used at the earliest time point in vitro time kill assays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of daily chlorhexidine bathing on reducing infections caused by multidrug‐resistant organisms in intensive care unit patients: A semiexperimental study with parallel controls

Huang

Qiao

Cai

et al. 2023

J Evidence Based Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: A number of studies have shown that daily bathing by chlorhexidine (CHG) wipes in ICU can reduce healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). However, the impact of CHG bathing on carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is not clear and remains controversial.Methods: A semi-experimental study which employs both pre-controls and a parallel control was conducted. In the intervention period (from July 1 to December 31, 2016), strengthened infection control measures and daily bathing with 2% CHG-impregnated wipes once daily was performed in the ICU. Fiftyseven non-ICU wards with the occurrence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) infections during the same time period were selected as parallel control group (only CHG bathing was not performed). The net effect of the 2% CHG daily bathing was evaluated by the difference in difference (DID) model.Results: The incidence of HAIs caused by CRPA in ICU was signi cantly decreased between the intervention and pre-intervention period (2.5, 95% con dence interval (CI) 1. cases /1,000 patient days, P = 0.02). Similarly, the incidence of HAIs caused by CRAB in intervention group was 19.75% lower than that in pre-intervention group (6.0, 95% CI 4.4-7.6 vs. 7.5, 95% CI 5.7-9.3 cases / 1,000 patient days, P = 0.24). The DID model analysis showed that CHG bathing reduced the incidence of CRAB-and CRPA-caused infections in ICU by 1.56 and 2.15 cases/1,000 patient days, respectively, P <0.01, and bathing of every 38 patients (95% CI, 21-268) and 39 patients (95% CI, 24-110) were able to prevent one case of HAIs of CRAB and CRPA, respectively. However, CHG bathing showed no effect on MRSA, VRE and CRE (P>0.05).Conclusion: Daily bathing with 2% CHG-impregnated wipes can reduce HAIs caused by CRAB and CRPA, while it is not effective for the prevalence of infections caused by MRSA, VRE, and CRE.

show abstract

“…Sequence analysis showed that the Tet38 protein is closely related to the TetA(K) tetracycline efflux pump, harbors 14 predicted transmembrane segments, and is a member of the MFS [82]. In addition to mediating resistance to tetracycline [83,84], tunicamycin [85], and Fosfomycin [86], Tet38 was demonstrated to transport fatty acids [87] and confer S. aureus internalization into host epithelial cells [88]. A more recent molecular analysis of Tet38 showed that various residues conferred differences in these functional characteristics [89].…”

Section: Tet38mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Major Facilitator Superfamily and Antimicrobial Resistance Efflux Pumps of the ESKAPEE Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ESKAPEE bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus has posed a serious public health concern for centuries. Throughout its evolutionary course, S. aureus has developed strains with resistance to antimicrobial agents. The bacterial pathogen has acquired multidrug resistance, causing, in many cases, untreatable infectious diseases and raising serious public safety and healthcare concerns. Amongst the various mechanisms for antimicrobial resistance, integral membrane proteins that serve as secondary active transporters from the major facilitator superfamily constitute a chief system of multidrug resistance. These MFS transporters actively export structurally different antimicrobial agents from the cells of S. aureus. This review article discusses the S. aureus-specific MFS multidrug efflux pump systems from a molecular mechanistic perspective, paying particular attention to structure–function relationships, modulation of antimicrobial resistance mediated by MFS drug efflux pumps, and direction for future investigation.

show abstract

Identifying and elucidating the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospital environment to conventional disinfectants

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Bacterial contamination on clinical surfaces and oxygen device accessories in the emergency unit of a tertiary health facility in Ghana

Bacterial contamination on clinical surfaces and oxygen device accessories in the emergency unit of a tertiary health facility in Ghana

Effect of daily chlorhexidine bathing on reducing infections caused by multidrug‐resistant organisms in intensive care unit patients: A semiexperimental study with parallel controls

The Major Facilitator Superfamily and Antimicrobial Resistance Efflux Pumps of the ESKAPEE Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About