Identifying indoor radon sources in Pa Miang, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Thumvijit, Tarika; Chanyotha, Supitcha; Sriburee, Sompong; Hongsriti, Pongsiri; Tapanya, Monruedee; Kranrod, Chutima; Tokonami, Shinji

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-74721-6

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This average, T, was used to estimate AED, which ranged between 0.44 and 12.18 mSv y −1 and an average of 4.27 mSv y −1 , which is approximately 3 times higher than the global average AED of 1.3 mSv y −1 15 . This value is also higher than the previously reported measurements in Pa Miang, Chiang Mai province, where it ranged between 0.9—3.8 mSv y −1 29 . The AED of lung cancer cases was significantly higher than those of healthy controls (p = 0.032), with AED values of case and controls at 4.28 ± 3.0 and 4.11 ± 3.0 mSv y −1 , respectively.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…To estimate the indoor radon value for all eight provinces, the geostatistical Kriging interpolation was used to create a radon distribution map. As the UNT region is located in different radon potential basin areas of granite, there is abundant uranium and its decay products around this area 29 , 30 . Reportedly, granitic gneiss has high frequency ratios for radon levels 31 , 32 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of lung cancer deaths attributable to indoor radon exposure in upper northern Thailand

Somsunun

Prapamontol

Pothirat

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Radon exposure is the second leading cause of lung cancer, after smoking. In upper northern Thailand (UNT), lung cancer incidence was frequently reported by Thailand National Cancer Institute. Besides smoking, radon exposure may also influence the high lung cancer incidence in this region. Indoor radon concentrations were measured in 192 houses in eight provinces of UNT. Indoor radon concentrations ranged from 11 to 405 Bq m−3 and estimated annual effective dose ranged from 0.44 to 12.18 mSv y−1. There were significant differences in indoor radon concentrations between the houses of lung cancer cases and healthy controls (p = 0.033). We estimated that 26% of lung cancer deaths in males and 28% in females were attributable to indoor radon exposure in this region. Other factors influencing indoor radon levels included house characteristics and ventilation. The open window-to-wall ratio was negatively associated with indoor radon levels (B = −0.69, 95% CI −1.37, −0.02) while the bedroom location in the house and building material showed no association. Indoor radon hence induced the fractal proportion of lung cancer deaths in UNT.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of lung cancer deaths attributable to indoor radon exposure in upper northern Thailand

Somsunun

Prapamontol

Pothirat

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Other than the black shale, siliclastic sedimentary rocks and sediments, in contrast, were associated with low indoor radon levels. Others have reported associations between bedrock lithology, mineralogy, geologic structures such as faults, and indoor radon measurements in different geologic settings and parts of the world [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geologic, seasonal, and atmospheric predictors of indoor home radon values

Hahn

Haneberg

Stanifer

et al. 2023

Environ. Res.: Health

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Exposure to tobacco smoke and radon cause lung cancer. Radioactive decay of naturally occurring uranium in bedrock produces radon. Seasonality, bedrock type, age of home, and topography have been associated with indoor radon, but the research is mixed. The study objective was to examine the relationships of geologic (soil radon and bedrock) and seasonal (warm and cold times of the year) factors with indoor home radon values in citizen scientists’ homes over time, controlling for atmospheric conditions, topography, age of home, and home exposure to tobacco smoke. We collected and analyzed indoor radon values, soil radon gas concentrations, and dwelling- and county-level geologic and atmospheric conditions on 66 properties in four rural counties during two seasons: 1) summer 2021 (n = 53); and 2) winter/spring 2022 (n = 52). Citizen scientists measured indoor radon using Airthings radon sensors, and outdoor temperature and rainfall. Geologists obtained soil radon measurements using RAD7 instruments at two locations (near the dwelling and farther away) at each dwelling, testing for associations of indoor radon values with soil values, bedrock type, topography, and atmospheric conditions. Bedrock type, near soil radon levels, home age, and barometric pressure were associated with indoor radon. Dwellings built on carbonate bedrock had indoor radon values that were 2.8 pCi/L (103.6 Bq/m3) higher, on average, compared to homes built on siliclastic rock. Homes with higher near soil radon and those built < 40 ago were more likely to have indoor radon > 4.0 pCi/L (148 Bq/m3). With higher atmospheric barometric pressure during testing, observed indoor radon values were lower. Seasonality and topography were not associated with indoor radon level. Understanding relationships among bedrock type, soil radon, and indoor radon exposure allows the development of practical predictive models that may support pre-construction forecasting of indoor radon potential based on geologic factors.

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“…However, water consumption is the primary cause of 222 Rn exposure through the ingestion pathway, whereas the emanation of 222 Rn from water causes exposure through the inhalation of air. As 222 Rn is loosely soluble in water, it can easily emanate from water to air [ 7 ]. For that reason, 222 Rn activity measurement in water is necessary to protect people from radiological hazards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on measuring the 222Rn in the Buriganga River and tap water of the megacity Dhaka

Alam

Siraz

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Radon (222Rn), an inert gas, is considered a silent killer due to its carcinogenic characteristics. Dhaka city is situated on the banks of the Buriganga River, which is regarded as the lifeline of Dhaka city because it serves as a significant source of the city’s water supply for domestic and industrial purposes. Thirty water samples (10 tap water from Dhaka city and 20 surface samples from the Buriganga River) were collected and analyzed using a RAD H2O accessory for 222Rn concentration. The average 222Rn concentration in tap and river water was 1.54 ± 0.38 Bq/L and 0.68 ± 0.29 Bq/L, respectively. All the values were found below the maximum contamination limit (MCL) of 11.1 Bq/L set by the USEPA, the WHO-recommended safe limit of 100 Bq/L, and the UNSCEAR suggested range of 4–40 Bq/L. The mean values of the total annual effective doses due to inhalation and ingestion were calculated to be 9.77 μSv/y and 4.29 μSv/y for tap water and river water, respectively. Although all these values were well below the permissible limit of 100 μSv/y proposed by WHO, they cannot be neglected because of the hazardous nature of 222Rn, especially considering their entry to the human body via inhalation and ingestion pathways. The obtained data may serve as a reference for future 222Rn-related works.

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Identifying indoor radon sources in Pa Miang, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Estimation of lung cancer deaths attributable to indoor radon exposure in upper northern Thailand

Estimation of lung cancer deaths attributable to indoor radon exposure in upper northern Thailand

Geologic, seasonal, and atmospheric predictors of indoor home radon values

A study on measuring the 222Rn in the Buriganga River and tap water of the megacity Dhaka

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