Identifying modifiable factors associated with health optimism in older adults

Rai, Rajani; Jongenelis, Michelle; Pettigrew, Simone; Jackson, Ben; Newton, Robert U.

doi:10.1080/13607863.2017.1416589

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…"Health optimism" occurs when an individual's self-rated or subjective health is better than their objective health (Chipperfield 1993). Higher levels of psychological well-being and quality of life have been found to be positively associated with health optimism, suggesting that strategies designed to foster these psychological factors have the potential to improve an individual's β = .06, P = .002 β = .06, P = .222 β = .12, P = .020 Social connectedness Perceived value 0.00 0.00 .03 .129 Personal responsibility 0.01 0.00 .07 .001 β = .09, P < .001 β = − .05, P = .438 β = .04, P = .499 Depression Perceived value 0.00 0.00 .02 .161 Personal responsibility 0.01 0.00 .04 .026 β = .05, P = .015 β = .03, P = .670 β = .08, P = .219 Personal growth Perceived value 0.00 0.00 .03 .088 Personal responsibility 0.01 0.00 .07 .001 β = .10, P < .001 β = − .05, P = .462 β = .06, P = .394 Religious attendance Perceived value 0.01 0.01 .01 .202 Personal responsibility 0.04 0.01 .05 < .001 β = .06, P < .001 β = .05, P = .255 β = .11, P = .015 self-rated health (Rai et al 2017). This in turn may increase their propensity to volunteer.…”

Section: Intervention Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with formal volunteering among retirees

et al. 2019

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The present study developed and tested a comprehensive multivariate model designed to assess the relative importance of various factors found or proposed in previous research to be associated with engagement in volunteering among 799 fully retired Australian older adults (62% female; mean age = 71.92 years (SD = 6.69)). Engagement in volunteering in the 12 months preceding the study and a range of sociodemographic, psychological, physical, social, and attitudinal variables were measured. Respondents' perceived personal responsibility to volunteer was found to be especially important in the tested model. This variable was directly associated with engagement in volunteering and acted as an important mediator between the following variables and volunteering engagement: personal growth, social connectedness, religious attendance, selfrated health, and depression. Efforts to increase volunteering engagement among older adults may therefore need to target perceptions of their responsibility to volunteer. Especially important focus areas for future strategies may include increasing social connectedness, facilitating personal growth, and improving self-rated health.

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Section: Intervention Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with formal volunteering among retirees

et al. 2019

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“…Characterised by a U-shape trajectory over the life-course, MWB is high in early life, dips in mid-life, and increases again in older age [ 7 ], when it may be most beneficial to health. Health outcomes of higher MWB include reduced mortality [ 8 ]; increased immune system function, pain tolerance [ 9 ] and physical function [ 10 ]; and improved health optimism [ 11 ] and pro-social behaviour [ 12 ]. Some of these health outcomes are evidenced by studies of psychobiological systems linking positive affect with distinct biological correlates (favourable associations with heart rate, blood pressure, and inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6) [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual socioeconomic position, neighbourhood disadvantage and mental well-being: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis of mid-age adults

et al. 2022

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Background Socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with mental illness, yet its relationship with mental well-being is unclear. Mental well-being is defined as feeling good and functioning well. Benefits of mental well-being include reduced mortality, improved immune functioning and pain tolerance, and increased physical function, pro-social behaviour, and academic and job performance. This study aims to explore the relationship between individual socioeconomic position (SEP), neighbourhood disadvantage and mental well-being in mid-age adults. Methods Multilevel modelling was used to analyse data collected from 7866 participants from the second (2009) wave of HABITAT (How Areas in Brisbane Influence healTh and activiTy), a longitudinal study (2007–2018) of adults aged 40–65 years living in Brisbane, Australia. Mental well-being was measured using the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS). Exposure measures were education, occupation, household income, and neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage. Results The lowest MWB scores were observed for the least educated (β = − 1.22, 95%CI = − 1.74, − 0.71), those permanently unable to work (β = − 5.50, 95%CI = − 6.90, − 4.10), the unemployed (β = − 2.62, 95%CI = − 4.12, − 1.13), and members of low-income households (β = − 3.77, 95%CI = − 4.59, − 2.94). Residents of the most disadvantaged neighbourhoods had lower MWB scores than those living in the least disadvantaged neighbourhoods, after adjustment for individual-level SEP (β = − 0.96, 95%CI = − 1.66, − 0.28). Conclusions Both individual-level SEP and neighbourhood disadvantage are associated with mental well-being although the association is stronger for individual-level SEP. This research highlights the need to address individual and neighbourhood-level socioeconomic determinants of mental well-being.

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“…Another finding is that objective support and support use are directly and significantly associated with DRSCA and the indirect effect was not significant. It is indicated that there are more powerful factors associated with optimism, such as quality of life and psychological well‐being, which are directly and positively associated (Rai, Jongenelis, Pettigrew, Jackson, & Newton, ); another consideration is that controls will lower the overall power and reduce the power for detecting true mediator effects. Further studies are needed to confirm the mediation of optimism between social support and DRSCA in different situations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with subsequent diabetes‐related self‐care activities: The role of social support and optimism

et al. 2019

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AimThis study aimed to explore how social support (external factor), optimism (internal factor) and their interaction associated with diabetes‐related self‐care activities (DRSCA) over 3 months among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).DesignBoth questionnaire‐based and telephone‐based survey were used. The data were collected face to face, the first time by questionnaire and the second time by telephone.MethodsOne hundred and fifty‐five patients completed valid survey questionnaires (response rate was about 70% in the first and 62% in the second round). The association of social support and optimism with subsequent DRSCA was examined after adjusting for demographics and disease information.ResultsBased on results, optimism was significantly associated with subsequent DRSCA. In the dimensions of social support, objective social support and support use were significantly associated with subsequent DRSCA. The results showed that the mediation of optimism between the dimensions of social support and DRSCA was not significant after controlling for covariates. The results also indicated that social support and optimism played directly an important role in improving diabetes‐related self‐care activities.

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Identifying modifiable factors associated with health optimism in older adults

Abstract: These findings extend the limited evidence on health optimism in older adults by identifying various modifiable factors that may constitute potential areas of focus for future interventions designed to enhance health outcomes via the fostering of health optimism.

Cited by 11 publications

References 73 publications

Factors associated with formal volunteering among retirees

Factors associated with formal volunteering among retirees

Individual socioeconomic position, neighbourhood disadvantage and mental well-being: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis of mid-age adults

Factors associated with subsequent diabetes‐related self‐care activities: The role of social support and optimism

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