Identifying peak breeding season and estimating size at first maturity of mud crab (Scylla olivacea) from a coastal region of Bangladesh

Abstract

Recently mud crab (Scylla olivacea) has emerged as a potential export commodity. Its farming is increasing rapidly in Bangladesh because of its lucrative price and high demand in international market. However, the farming or fattening of mud crab is totally dependent on capture of wild crablets. A huge quantity of mud crabs is being caught indiscriminately from nature and thus putting intense pressure on its wild stock, which is a major concern of conservation. Imposing ban at peak breeding season and setting a legal capture size are considered effective management tools for safe migration and spawning of berried females. There is contradictory information on breeding season of mud crab in Bangladesh. Thus, it is crucial to identify the peak breeding season of it and to formulate conservation policies to protect the berried crabs. Live crabs were collected year-round from the river adjacent to southwest part of Sundarbans. Although mud crab breeds throughout the year, March-April was identified as the peak breeding season of it. The second peak was observed in August-September. The highest abundance of crablets (1-2 months age) was recorded in May-June, and the lowest in January-February. Immature crablets were found all through the year that proves that mud crab is a continuous breeder. The highest amount of GSI value (11.6) was observed in February-March, which indicates that the breeding is very near. The size at first maturity (M 50 ) was estimated as 95.5 mm CW which lied at size class 91-100 mm (CW). The findings from the study will assist in fixing up the banning time and thus protecting the mother crabs; and will assist in formulating police to conserve and protect juvenile crabs in the sense that the minimum legal capture size of crabs will allow the adults to mate and spawn at least once before their capture.

Reproductive biology of mud crabs (Scylla olivacea) collected from Paikgachha, Khulna, Bangladesh

“…3 ). Ali et al [ 17 ] detected that the size at first maturity (M 50 ) to be approximately 95.5 mm CW, which lay at a size class of 91–100 mm (CW). Similarly, M 50 at ICW of 10.3 cm (103 mm) for wild Scylla paramamosain was witnessed in Thailand [ 18 ].…”

“…The present study also relates with Islam et al’s [ 18 ] study, which found the highest mean of GSI (10.7). Ali et al [ 17 ] found the low values of GSI at stages I and II which simultaneously began to escalate once the yolk accumulation began at stages III, which rose the mean GSI value up to >11% in the matured ovaries.…”

“…The peak period may vary due to the various geographical areas and different species, and also the biology of the species may be varied with seasons and environment [ 25 ]. Ali et al [ 17 ] found that the river adjacent to the southwest part of the Sundarbans is the primary source of live crab collection. Although there is no recorded breeding season of mud crab, March–April was marked as the peak breeding season.…”

“…A total of 240 specimens were sampled where 53 individuals were hermaphrodites. The crabs were then transported alive to the Biology Laboratory of the Department of Fisheries and Marine Biosciences at Jashore University of Science and Technology for detailed biological study [ 17 ].…”

Fishing pattern and environmentally friendly analysis on mud crab (Scylla spp.) fishery in Mojo mangrove ecosystem, Pemalang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

“…In Figure 1 shows that anthropogenic pressure on mud crabs in the Mojo mangrove ecosystem increases during the west monsoon season (rainy season), it is caused during the rainy season the mud crabs make a reproductive phase [18,19,20]. Differences in peak reproductive seasons may be related to the suitability of the environmental conditions of the waters in supporting the reproduction process.…”