Identifying Potential Hosts of Short-Branch Microsporidia

Doliwa, Annemie; Dunthorn, Micah; Rassoshanska, Erika; Mahé, Frédéric; Bass, David; Ritter, Camila Duarte

doi:10.1007/s00248-020-01657-9

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…6a,b), whereas to date, infection by Microsporidia in phytoplankton has never been recorded. Interestingly, some of the potential associations identified here were also retrieved in co‐occurrence networks involving short‐branch Microsporidia (Doliwa et al 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

High diversity of microsporidian parasites and new planktonic hosts in freshwater and marine ecosystems

Chauvet

Monjot

Lepère

2023

Limnology & Oceanography

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Microsporidia are a large group of obligate intracellular eukaryotic parasites related to Fungi primarily known as parasites of vertebrates and invertebrates. They are well described as parasites of organisms of interest (e.g., edible fish and crustaceans, honeybees, bioindicators such as daphnia, humans) on which they can have an important impact (e.g., reduced survival or fecundity and sex ratio distortion). However, their diversity in aquatic environments, especially in marine ecosystems, has been greatly understudied since they are not targeted by classical eukaryotic primers used in metabarcoding studies. Moreover, little is known about their hosts among protists or microzooplankton and therefore about their impact on the trophic food web functioning. In this work, we sampled 15 different sites across marine and freshwater environments, size-fractioned the samples and used microsporidian specific primers associated with metabarcoding to study the microsporidian diversity (and the associated spatial variation). Co-occurrence networks as well as Tyramide Signal Amplification-Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization were used to link potential hosts (planktonic eukaryotes < 150 μm) and Microsporidia diversity. Our analysis unraveled a large microsporidian diversity which was widely divergent between the two environments studied. In both of them, an important part of this diversity was not affiliated to a genus, suggesting an important reservoir of new microsporidian species and thus new hosts among planktonic eukaryotes. Co-occurrence networks and fluorescence microscopy showed for the first time associations between Microsporidia and dinoflagellates in freshwater and marine environments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

High diversity of microsporidian parasites and new planktonic hosts in freshwater and marine ecosystems

Chauvet

Monjot

Lepère

2023

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Molecular data already frequently contribute towards creating biodiversity inventories (Taberlet et al 2018, Ruppert et al 2019) and rapid biodiversity assessments at local scales (eDNA and meta‐barcoding, Yu et al 2012, McClenaghan et al 2020) including baseline flora and fauna identification (Hofreiter et al 2001). They are also routinely employed for overcoming sampling gaps in cryptic taxa and remote areas (Barratt et al 2017, 2018, Lentendu et al 2018, Ritter et al 2019a, b, 2020), understanding gene–environment interactions (Ritter et al 2018, Zinger et al 2019), species interaction (Doliwa et al 2021, Ritter et al 2021) and cross‐taxonomic analyses of genetic diversity and population structure (Miraldo et al 2016, Gratton et al 2017, Theodoridis et al 2020). Recent applications have highlighted the use of molecular data for biodiversity monitoring (Flanagan et al 2018, Hunter et al 2018) and the response to stressors and conservation measures (Beermann et al 2018, Zizka et al 2020a, b), with a number of programs instigated by several stakeholders to monitor genetic diversity (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Existing approaches and future directions to link macroecology, macroevolution and conservation prioritization

et al. 2021

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Due to increasing human transformation of virtually all habitats on Earth, setting global priorities for conservation is essential. The emerging disciplines of macroecology and macroevolution (MEE) can provide a global perspective and information for such prioritization but remain relatively separated from conservation prioritization, partly because MEE researchers are unaware of the requirements for effective conservation prioritization and existing approaches implementing these. Indeed, existing approaches for conservation prioritization at large scale are scattered across literature. Here, we systematically review this literature and provide a guideline for researchers in MEE as to which of approaches might be suitable for their needs. From >11 000 scientific publications, we identified 134 methods suitable for commonly used MEE data and geographic scale. Furthermore, we use a ‘trait matrix' to identify families of similar approaches and to design a guideline to select the most suitable method, given a user‐defined set of data and analysis scope. The guidelines are freely available via the conserveR R‐package (). Finally, we used our review to identify increasing scalability, continuous monitoring and the integration of molecular, remote sensing and animal movement data as key areas for future impacts of MEE in conservation prioritization. We anticipate that our review can serve as a guide to MEE researchers interested in linking their data to conservation as well as for conservation scientists interested in using MEE approaches.

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“…Environmental V4 SSU-rRNA raw sequences were downloaded from the EMBL/EBI-ENA EukBank umbrella project, clustered with Swarm v3 using default parameters with the fastidious option on (Mahé et al, 2022), checked for chimeras using VSEARCH (Rognes et al, 2016), merged with MUMU (Mahé 2021), and taxonomically assigned using the stampa pipeline (https://github.con/frederic-mahe/stampa/) and EukRibo v1 reference database (2020-07-16). From this, an OTU (operational taxonomic unit) occurrence table was generated.…”

Section: Datasetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, they do not show rapid rates of evolution and have less reduced genomes that are more similar to those of Rozella and canonical Fungi (Haag et al, 2014; Quandt et al, 2017). The short-branch Microsporidia also include many uncharacterized environmental lineages that may be parasitic as well (Doliwa et al, 2021). By further investigating the short-branch Microsporidia, we can better understand the intriguing evolution that occurred among the classical long-branch Microsporidia, which ultimately resulted in trait reductions and increased complexity of their extrusion apparatus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

O Short-branch Microsporidia, Where Art Thou? Identifying diversity hotspots for future sampling

Gross,

Rajter,

Mahé

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Short-branch Microsporidia were previously shown to form a basal grade within the expanded Microsporidia clade and to branch near the classical, long-branch Microsporidia. Although they share simpler versions of some morphological characteristics, they do not show accelerated evolutionary rates, making them ideal candidates to study the evolutionary trajectories that has led to long-branch microsporidians unique characteristics. However, most sequences assigned to the short-branch Microsporidia are undescribed, novel environmental lineages for which the identification requires knowledge of where they can be found. To direct future isolation, we used the EukBank database of the global UniEuk initiative that contains the majority of the publicly available environmental V4 SSU-rRNA gene sequences of protists. The curated OTU table and corresponding metadata were used to evaluate the occurrence of short-branch Microsporidia across freshwater, hypersaline, marine benthic, marine pelagic, and terrestrial environments. Presence-absence analyses infer that short-branch Microsporidia are most abundant in freshwater and terrestrial environments, and alpha- and beta-diversity measures indicate that focusing our sampling effort on these two environments would cover a large part of their overall diversity. These results can be used to coordinate future isolation and sampling campaigns to better understand the mysterious evolution of microsporidians unique characteristics.

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Identifying Potential Hosts of Short-Branch Microsporidia

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

High diversity of microsporidian parasites and new planktonic hosts in freshwater and marine ecosystems

High diversity of microsporidian parasites and new planktonic hosts in freshwater and marine ecosystems

Existing approaches and future directions to link macroecology, macroevolution and conservation prioritization

O Short-branch Microsporidia, Where Art Thou? Identifying diversity hotspots for future sampling

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