Identifying pre-seismic ionospheric disturbances using space geodesy: A case study of the 2011 Lorca earthquake (Mw 5.1), Spain

Tachema, Abdennasser

doi:10.1007/s12145-024-01272-z

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The 30 s interval TEC values were acquired from the available IGS databases of selected ground stations. GPS satellites transmit radio signals at two long-wavelength band frequencies: L1, which operates at 1.57542 GHz, and L2, which operates at 1.2276 GHz [37,38]. Satellite and receiver biases were removed, and Vertical TEC (VTEC) was derived from absolute STEC, which is measured in TECU (total electron content unit = 10 16 e/m 2 ).…”

Section: Multi-parameter Data and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salikhov used the Doppler sounding technique, employing the continuous monitoring of the Doppler frequency shift of reflected radio signals to investigate the ionosphere above earthquake sources [35]. Thereafter, Sharma, Tachema and Nayak investigated and supported the correlation between seismic activity and ionospheric anomalies through the analysis of total electron content (TEC) fluctuations, and crustal stress (b-value) precursors to identify potential precursors and assess their effectiveness in short-term seismic prediction for the 2010 Mw 7.2 Mexico earthquake, the 2011 Mw 5.1 Lorca earthquake in Spain, and the 2022 Mw 7.7 Colima earthquake in Mexico [36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Study on Multi-Parameter Ionospheric Disturbances Associated with the 2015 Mw 7.5 and 2023 Mw 6.3 Earthquakes in Afghanistan

Rasheed,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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This paper presents a multi-parameter ionospheric disturbance analysis of the total electron content (TEC), density (Ne), temperature (Te), and critical frequency foF2 variations preceding two significant earthquake events (2015 Mw 7.5 and 2023 Mw 6.3) that occurred in Afghanistan. The analysis from various ground stations and low-Earth-orbit satellite measurements involved employing the sliding interquartile method to process TEC data of Global Ionospheric Maps (GIMs), comparing revisit trajectories to identify anomalies in Ne and Te from Swarm satellites, applying machine learning-based envelope estimation for GPS-derived TEC measurements, utilizing the least square method for foF2 data and ionograms obtained from available base stations in the Global Ionosphere Radio Observatory (GIRO). After excluding potential influences caused by solar and geomagnetic activities, the following phenomena were revealed: (1) The GIM-TEC variations displayed positive anomalies one day before the 2015 Mw 7.5 earthquake, while significant positive anomalies occurred on the shock days (7, 11, and 15) of the 2023 Mw 6.3 earthquake; (2) the Swarm satellite observations (Ne and Te) for the two earthquakes followed almost the same appearance rates as GIM-TEC, and a negative correlation between the Ne and Te values was found, with clearer appearance at night; (3) there were prominent positive TEC anomalies 8 days and almost 3 h before the earthquakes at selected GPS stations, which were nearest to the earthquake preparation area. The anomalous variations in TEC height and plasma density were verified by analyzing the foF2, which confirmed the ionospheric perturbations. Unusual ionospheric disturbances indicate imminent pre-seismic events, which provides the potential opportunity to provide aid for earthquake prediction and natural hazard risk management in Afghanistan and nearby regions.

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Section: Multi-parameter Data and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on Multi-Parameter Ionospheric Disturbances Associated with the 2015 Mw 7.5 and 2023 Mw 6.3 Earthquakes in Afghanistan

Rasheed,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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Investigating Ionospheric Disturbances as Potential Seismic Precursors: A Case Study of the 2021 Béjaïa Mw 6.0 Earthquake, in Northeastern Algeria

Tachema,

Kheloufi,

Mohamed

2024

J Indian Soc Remote Sens

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The Preparation Phase of the 2022 ML 5.7 Offshore Fano (Italy) Earthquake: A Multiparametric–Multilayer Approach

Orlando,

De Santis,

De Caro

et al. 2024

Geosciences

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This paper presents an analysis of anomalies detected during the preparatory phase of the 9 November 2022 ML = 5.7 earthquake, occurring approximately 30 km off the coast of the Marche region in the Adriatic Sea (Italy). It was the largest earthquake in Italy in the last 5 years. According to lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling (LAIC) models, such earthquake could induce anomalies in various observable variables, from the Earth’s surface to the ionosphere. Therefore, a multiparametric and multilayer approach based on ground and satellite data collected in each geolayer was adopted. This included the revised accelerated moment release method, the identification of anomalies in atmospheric parameters, such as Skin Temperature and Outgoing Longwave Radiation, and ionospheric signals, such as Es and F2 layer parameters from ionosonde measurements, magnetic field from Swarm satellites, and energetic electron precipitations from NOAA satellites. Several anomalies were detected in the days preceding the earthquake, revealing that their cumulative occurrence follows an exponential trend from the ground, progressing towards the upper atmosphere and the ionosphere. This progression of anomalies through different geolayers cannot simply be attributed to chance and is likely associated with the preparation phase of this earthquake, supporting the LAIC approach.

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Identifying pre-seismic ionospheric disturbances using space geodesy: A case study of the 2011 Lorca earthquake (Mw 5.1), Spain

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

A Comparative Study on Multi-Parameter Ionospheric Disturbances Associated with the 2015 Mw 7.5 and 2023 Mw 6.3 Earthquakes in Afghanistan

A Comparative Study on Multi-Parameter Ionospheric Disturbances Associated with the 2015 Mw 7.5 and 2023 Mw 6.3 Earthquakes in Afghanistan

Investigating Ionospheric Disturbances as Potential Seismic Precursors: A Case Study of the 2021 Béjaïa Mw 6.0 Earthquake, in Northeastern Algeria

The Preparation Phase of the 2022 ML 5.7 Offshore Fano (Italy) Earthquake: A Multiparametric–Multilayer Approach

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