Identifying the health problems of slum residents using social determinants of health: Kerman, Iran

Abstract

Summary Introduction Although slum emerged in industrialized countries, today, all cities in the world are somehow facing this phenomenon. Slums create many problems in different areas, especially health for residents. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of identifying the health problems of the slum residents of Kerman city by using the social determinant of health approach. Method The present study is an applied study that was carried out qualitatively using semistructured interviews. Samples were selected using purposeful and snowball sampling methods. Data were analyzed using the Colaizy method. Results In this study, the health problems of residents of slums in the city of Kerman were identified by interviews. In total, seven main themes and 32 sub‐themes were extracted. The main concepts extracted include the economic and social class, the early childhood development, social exclusion and social support, employment and unemployment, addiction, food, transport, and traffic. Conclusion The problems of slums people are very widespread, and almost all of the problems affect the health of slums people. The place of living, job, income, the early childhood development and nutritional status are determinants that affect people's health.

Prioritizing the health problems of slum residents using social determinants of health: A case study in a developing country

“…In this study, we used the hierarchical analysis to prioritize the health problems of slum residents in Kerman (Table ), which had been identified in the previous study . In this study, the majority of experts were 41 to 50 years old women, with a PhD degree and 11 to 15 years of work experience.…”

The Most Important Social Determinants of Slum Dwellers’ Health: A Scoping Review

“…Physical structure of housing, lack of strength, durability, and safety of buildings due to the use of brittle, non-durable, and flammable materials [2,12,13,23,34]; Indoor air pollution and poor ventilation [2,35]; The presence of small rooms in houses [13,14]; Unhygienic toilets [13]; Lack of security and fear of destruction due to illegal construction [13,14]; Contamination with rodents and insects [14]; Adverse social-psychological residential environment [12,18,29,34]; The use of pathogenic and toxic substances in the construction of houses such as asbestos and lead [14]; House seizure (rent, private property, etc.) [36].…”

“…Parental education level, lack of formal education [13,16,17,19,24,26,27,29,[31][32][33][34]36,39,40]; Family income, poverty in the family, income insecurity, financial pressure, dissatisfaction with the family's financial situation [13-15,17-19, 23-25,28-30,33-36,42]; Family size, overcrowded and dense family space [14,27,35,36,41]; Family religion [17,27,41]; Family type (nuclear, extended, single-parent) [28,35,41]; Length of stay in the neighborhood [27]; Violence, gender discrimination, unfair behaviors, and misbehavior against Social Determinants of Health for Slums women in the family [13,29,39]; Violence, gender discrimination, and unfair behaviors against children in the family [13,29,39]; Gender and age of family members [17,18]; Family cultural hobbies (the use of media, reading, etc.) [17,27]; Family wealth status [16,22,27,40]; Family race and ethnic group [18,…”

“…Malnutrition, inadequate and poor diet, and micronutrient deficiencies [13,29,30]; Obesity [24]; Weak and thin family members [13]; Food contamination [30]; Improper selection of healthy foods [19]; Family food insecurity [15,22,34];…”

"Are problems during pregnancy a predictor of childbirth in the hospital?" Determinants Analysis of Hospital Childbirth in Urban Poor Communities in Indonesia

“…This condition is often due to high housing and land prices in urban areas 5,6 . Slum housing conditions actually increase the risk of the urban poor to fall ill 7,8 . The government must pay serious attention to the urban poor.…”