“…Recently, mobile applications (apps) have become increasingly embedded in contemporary society, with billions of worldwide active users devoting considerable time and energy to these platforms for various objectives, such as interacting with others and glancing over shared content [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Scholars have determined that mobile apps have assisted users in expanding their social contacts, improving their self-esteem and well-being, and benefiting from an abundance of options for self-presentation [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Numerous studies have explored the negative influences of mobile device usage on people’s well-being, including the potential for cyber stalking [ 7 ], fear of missing out [ 8 , 9 ], and mobile-app-use-induced adverse reactions, such as guilt [ 10 ], anxiety, depressive moods [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], and even exhaustion [ 3 , 14 ].…”