Identity and distribution of residues of energetic compounds at army live-fire training ranges

Jenkins, Thomas F.; Hewitt, Alan D.; Grant, Clarence L.; Thiboutot, Sonia; Ampleman, Guy; Walsh, Marianne E.; Ranney, Thomas A.; Ramsey, Charles A.; Palazzo, Antonio J.; Pennington, Judith C.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.09.066

Cited by 148 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…1). The resulting concentrations were representative of 2,4-DNT concentrations found in contaminated soils at some former ammunition plants (Simini et al, 1995) and military training ranges Jenkins et al, 2006;Walsh et al, 2007). Concentrations after the weathering-and-aging procedure corresponded to the amount of 2,4-DNT measured in soil at the beginning of the definitive toxicity tests.…”

Section: Analytical Determination Of 24-dnt In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Toxicity of 2,4-dinitrotoluene to terrestrial plants in natural soils

Rocheleau¹,

Kuperman²,

Simini³

et al. 2010

Science of The Total Environment

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Section: Analytical Determination Of 24-dnt In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Toxicity of 2,4-dinitrotoluene to terrestrial plants in natural soils

Rocheleau¹,

Kuperman²,

Simini³

et al. 2010

Science of The Total Environment

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“…1 Like other explosive materials, NQ can be detected as a contaminant at military training ranges. 2 Although NQ itself is practically nontoxic (toxicity threshold of 2200 mg L −1 ), 3 its potential transformation products (e.g., nitrosoguanidine, guanidine, cyanoguanidine, melamine, urea, and nitrite) have varying degrees of toxicity. It has been reported that photolysis, the dominant transformation process of NQ in surface waters, 4 can lead to the formation of hydroxyguanidine, guanidine, urea, cyanoguanidine, ammonia, and nitrosoguanidine.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Mineralization of Nitroguanidine by Variovorax Strain VC1 Isolated from Soil

Perreault

Halasz

Manno

et al. 2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es301047dEnvironmental Science & Technology, 46, 11, pp. 6035-6040, 2012-05-07 Aerobic mineralization of Nitroguanidine by Variovorax strain VC1 isolated from soil Perreault, Nancy N.; Halasz, Annamaria; Manno, Dominic; Thiboutot, Sonia; Ampleman, Guy; Hawari, Jalal ABSTRACT: Nitroguanidine (NQ) is an energetic material that is used as a key ingredient of triple-base propellants and is currently being considered as a TNT replacement in explosive formulations. NQ was efficiently degraded in aerobic microcosms when a carbon source was added. NQ persisted in unamended microcosms or under anaerobic conditions. An aerobic NQ-degrading bacterium, Variovorax strain VC1, was isolated from soil microcosms containing NQ as the sole nitrogen source. NQ degradation was inhibited in the presence of a more favorable source of nitrogen. Resting cells of VC1 degraded NQ effectively (54 μmol h −1 g −1 protein) giving NH 3 (50.0%), nitrous oxide (N 2 O) (48.5%) and CO 2 (100%). Disappearance of NQ was accompanied by the formation of a key intermediate product that we identified as nitrourea by comparison with a reference material. Nitrourea is unstable in water and suffered both biotic and abiotic decomposition to eventually give NH 3 ,N 2 O, and CO 2 . However, we were unable to detect urea. Based on products distribution and reaction stoichiometry, we suggested that degradation of NQ, O 2 NNC(NH 2 ) 2 , might involve initial enzymatic hydroxylation of the imine, CN bond, leading first to the formation of the unstable α-hydroxynitroamine intermediate, O 2 NNHC(OH)-(NH 2 ) 2 , whose decomposition in water should lead to the formation of NH 3 ,N 2 O, and CO 2 . NQ biodegradation was induced by nitroguanidine itself, L-arginine, and creatinine, all being iminic compounds containing a guanidine group. This first description of NQ mineralization by a bacterial isolate demonstrates the potential for efficient microbial remediation of NQ in soil.

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“…The chemical is extensively used by the military and in the construction industry (1). Large scale manufacturing and extensive global usage of RDX has led to the contamination of vast areas of soil, sediment, and water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of RDX and MNX with Rhodococcus sp. Strain DN22: New Insights into the Degradation Pathway

Halasz

Manno

Strand

et al. 2010

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Previously we demonstrated that Rhodococcus sp. strain DN22 can degrade RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) aerobically via initial denitration. The present study describes the role of oxygen and water in the key denitration step leading to RDX decomposition using 18 O 2 and H 2 18 O labeling experiments. We also investigated degradation of MNX (hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine) with DN22 under similar conditions. DN22 degraded RDX and MNX giving NO 2

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Identity and distribution of residues of energetic compounds at army live-fire training ranges

Cited by 148 publications

References 10 publications

Toxicity of 2,4-dinitrotoluene to terrestrial plants in natural soils

Toxicity of 2,4-dinitrotoluene to terrestrial plants in natural soils

Aerobic Mineralization of Nitroguanidine by Variovorax Strain VC1 Isolated from Soil

Biodegradation of RDX and MNX with Rhodococcus sp. Strain DN22: New Insights into the Degradation Pathway

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