Idiopathic Calcium Oxalate Urinary Lithiasis: Usefulness of Parks’ and Tiselius’ Indices in the Evaluation of the Risk of Stone Formation

Robert, M; Roux, Jean-Olivier; Boularan, Anne-Marie; Bourelly, F.; Monnier, L.; Grasset, D

doi:10.1159/000282758

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…23 In the present study, the mean values of urinary calcium, oxalate and uric acid excretion were significantly higher in patients with RSF than in subjects with NSF. Hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria are well-known risk factors of renal calcium oxalate stone formation, 24,25 and these factors might contribute more to renal stone disease rather than hypocitraturia in patients with RSF. Ogawa et al demonstrated that 24-h urinary citrate excretion was not positively associated with calcium oxalate supersaturation (DG[CaOx]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between renal sodium‐citrate cotransporter (hNaDC‐1) gene polymorphism and urinary citrate excretion in recurrent renal calcium stone formers and normal controls

Okamoto

Aruga

Matsuzaki³

et al. 2007

Int J of Urology

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Purpose: Urinary citrate is a potent inhibitor of renal stone formation. Its excretion is regulated by Na + /dicarboxylate cotransporter-1 (NaDC-1), which is expressed on the apical membrane of renal proximal tubules. Many patients with calcium urolithiasis exhibit hypocitraturia, however, the mechanisms are not perfectly understood. We examined whether or not the I550V polymorphism in human NaDC-1 gene (hNaDC-1) influenced urinary citrate excretion. Materials and methods: I550V polymorphism was investigated in 105 patients with recurrent renal calcium stone formation (RSF) and 107 age-matched healthy volunteers with non-renal stone formation (NSF), using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and two 24-h urine samples. Results: Overall and in the RSF groups, subjects with a BB (homozygous for the digested Bcl-I allele) genotype exhibited a significantly lower urinary citrate excretion level than subjects with a bb (homozygous for the undigested allele) genotype. Genotype distributions between subjects with hypocitraturia and normocitraturia were significantly different, with the BB genotype being more frequently observed in subjects with hypocitraturia -both overall and in each of the RSF and NSF groups. Although the BB genotype was observed more frequently in the RSF group than in the NSF group, no statistical differences among the distributions of the three genotypes (BB, Bb [heterozygous] and bb) were observed between the RSF and NSF groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that the B allele of I550V polymorphism of hNaDC-1 may be associated with a reduction in urinary citrate excretion and contribute to hypocitraturia in recurrent renal stone formers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between renal sodium‐citrate cotransporter (hNaDC‐1) gene polymorphism and urinary citrate excretion in recurrent renal calcium stone formers and normal controls

Okamoto

Aruga

Matsuzaki³

et al. 2007

Int J of Urology

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“…This program has remained the "gold standard" since 1977. We have been unable to find any reports of a program that either refutes or is comparable to the Equil2 program, although we know some researchers strongly support the indices of Parks and Tiselius [23], which seem to be as useful clinically as Equil2 [24].…”

Section: Calcium Oxalate Supersaturationmentioning

confidence: 80%

Oxalate and Urinary Stones

2000

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Calcium oxalate is a major component of renal stones, and its urinary concentration plays an important role in stone formation. Even a small increase in urinary oxalate has a significant impact on calcium oxalate saturation. Although primary hyperoxaluria is relatively uncommon, patients with calcium oxalate stones have some degree of hyperoxaluria. To understand the underlying causes of such hyperoxaluria, the processes of oxalate synthesis and excretion must be clarified. This article focuses on the determination of oxalate, calculation of its saturation, and the hyperoxaluric syndromes with special reference to metabolic precursors of oxalate, including ascorbic acid, glyoxylate, and glycolate.

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Temporary risk identification in urolithiasis

Marickar

Salim²

2009

Urol Res

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We have been using a risk index calculation for urolithiasis, which included most of the identifiable factors promoting calculogenesis. However, it was observed that the frequency of a patient getting stone problem was not uniform in spite of similarity of the risk index in the permanent setting. Also, many of the risk indices could be changed by dietary or lifestyle modifications. The objective of this paper was to calculate the temporary risk index of a patient at the time of each visit and correlate with stone activity during such periods, so that appropriate advice could be given on drugs, diet and lifestyle changes. The temporary risk index score was based on four symptoms, namely pain (0, nil; 1, vague pain; 2, mild; 3, moderate; 4, severe; 5, excruciating), haematuria (0, nil; 1, turbid; 2, cloudy; 3, reddish; 4, occasional frank blood; 5, continuous frank blood), burning sensation (0, nil; 1, minimal; 2, moderate; 3, terminal severe; 4, occasional excruciating; 5, continuous excruciating), and dysuria (0, nil; 1, minimal; 2, moderate; 3, terminal severe; 4, occasional excruciating, 5, continuous excruciating), ultrasonography for back pressure (0, nil; 1, mild; 2, moderate; 3, severe kidney and ureter; 4, unilateral total; 5, bilateral total anuria) and eight urine deposit findings (0, nil; 1, +; 2, 2+; 3, 3+; 4, 4+; 5, plenty), red blood cells, pus cells, whewellite crystals, weddellite crystals, phosphate crystals, uric acid/ammonium urate crystals, crystal clumping and crystal aggregation making a total of 13 parameters. Each parameter was given values ranging from 0 to 5. The total score was calculated and chemotherapeutic regimes were decided base on the score, which varied from 0 to 65. Hundred randomly selected patients who had been visiting the stone clinic for a minimum of five occasions were included in the study. The total scores of temporary risk were correlated with the permanent clinical risk score mentioned earlier. The temporary risk of the 100 patients during the total of 500 visits ranged from 0 to 43 out of 65. The risk score reduced significantly from visit 1 to 5 in all the patients. On correlating the mean index of the five visits with the permanent risk index, the correlation coefficient r value was +0.39 (P < 0.01). It was observed that patients go through periods of hyperactivity of stone metabolism and present with symptoms, producing temporary phases of overactivity. It is concluded that temporary risk index is correlatable with the permanent risk index of the patients forming urinary stones. It can be used as a method for scientific prediction regarding future stone formation in any individual. The dose of drugs and need for continuing chemotherapy for patients should be based on the temporary risk index. The blind prescription of drugs should be discouraged.

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Idiopathic Calcium Oxalate Urinary Lithiasis: Usefulness of Parks’ and Tiselius’ Indices in the Evaluation of the Risk of Stone Formation

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Associations between renal sodium‐citrate cotransporter (hNaDC‐1) gene polymorphism and urinary citrate excretion in recurrent renal calcium stone formers and normal controls

Associations between renal sodium‐citrate cotransporter (hNaDC‐1) gene polymorphism and urinary citrate excretion in recurrent renal calcium stone formers and normal controls

Oxalate and Urinary Stones

Temporary risk identification in urolithiasis

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