Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Imoto, Shigeru; Kitaya, Tomoki; Kodama, Tetsuro; Hasebe, Takahiro; Mukai, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1093/jjco/27.4.27

Cited by 41 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It was first described as a distinct clinical entity by Kessler and Wolloch [3]. Granulomatous mastitis is mostly seen in females of childbearing age [4]. Our patients were all young (the mean patient age was 37 years) and parous, with a history of breastfeeding for variable periods, but none had used oral contraceptive hormones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Sometimes the mass may penetrate the breast skin or the underlying pectoralis muscle. Nipple retraction, sinus formation, and axillary lymphadenopathy may also be seen [4,5,8]. These findings are also commonly found in breast carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The etiology of GM is not clear. Many agents, such as local irritants, viruses, mycotic and parasitic infections, hyperprolactinemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and a1 antitrypsin deficiency have been considered, but an autoimmune reaction is considered the most likely [1,[4][5][6]. Salesi et al [7] reported a case of granulomatous mastitis with erythema nodosum and arthritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A false-positive needle biopsy result may lead surgeons to a more aggressive surgery. In 1997, Imoto et al [4] reported a patient for whom they performed a modified radical mastectomy because the results of initial aspiration cytology were considered highly suspicious of carcinoma, but the final histological diagnosis was granulomatous lobular mastitis with no evidence of malignancy. Therefore, our management is based on surgical excision in patients with a suspicion of GM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Granulomatous mastitis: is it an autoimmune disease? Diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas

et al. 2011

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Granulomatous mastitis: is it an autoimmune disease? Diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas

et al. 2011

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“…Most of the patients are relatively young women under 50 years of age and pregnancy, lactation, and oral contraceptives may be the predisposing factors [1,4]. It usually involves the unilateral breast and every quadrant region except for the subareolar area [4,5]. IGM is characterized histologically by necrotising chronic granulomatous lobulitis and abscess formation [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticosteroid treatment and timing of surgery in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis confusing with breast carcinoma

Erözgen

Ersoy

Akaydın

et al. 2010

Breast Cancer Res Treat

111

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Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is an uncommon chronic inflammatory lesion of the breast with an uncertain optimal treatment regimen, the physical examination, and radiologic features of which may be confused with breast carcinoma. In this study, we aimed to describe the clinicopathologic characteristics of 33 patients who admitted to our breast policlinic and took the diagnosis of granulomatous (idiopathic and non-idiopathic) mastitis, and report the place of corticosteroids and the timing of surgery in the treatment of patients with IGM. The clinical features of 33 patients who presented to our breast policlinic with the complaint of breast mass and reached the final diagnosis of GM between March 2005 and October 2009 were reported. The most common symptoms were mass (n: 27) and pain (n: 11). Ultrasonography (USG) and biopsy were performed in all of the patients. Mammography (MMG) was performed in 9, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 10 patients. The diagnosis of idiopathic lobular granulomatous mastitis (ILGM) was made in 25 patients and tuberculous mastitis (non-idiopathic GM) in the remaining 8 patients. Twenty-four patients received steroid treatment except one who was pregnant. After giving birth, she also received steroids. One of the patients who developed recurrence after 11 months repeated the steroid therapy. Eight patients with tuberculous mastitis were placed on a regimen of antituberculosis therapy for 6 months. In the diagnosis of IGM, physical examination, USG, MMG, and even MRI alone may sometimes not be enough. They should be discussed altogether and the treatment should begin after definitive histopathologic result. Fine needle aspiration biopsy for cytology will result in a high level of diagnostic accuracy, however, core biopsy will reinforce the exact result. Corticosteroid therapy has been shown to be efficacious for IGM, but in the existence of complications such as abscess formation, fistulae, and persistent wound infection, surgical treatment has been the first method of choice.

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Chronic Granulomatous Mastitis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations

Azlina¹,

Ariza²,

et al. 2003

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To review the clinical presentation, histopathological features, and optimal treatment of chronic granulomatous mastitis, the authors conducted a retrospective study of 25 women admitted to a teaching hospital in Malaysia between January 1998 and December 2000 who met the required histologic criteria. The primary outcome measures were morbidity and recurrence of the disease. Thirteen patients presented with a breast mass clinically mimicking breast cancer, and 12 patients had breast induration and abscess formation. In addition, 8 of these patients had recurrent breast disease. Clinical and imaging diagnosis has often been difficult and inconclusive, so histopathology remains the optimal diagnostic tool. Of interest, 50% of patients experience recurrences, and long-term follow-up is therefore necessary. The authors concluded that, because chronic granulomatous mastitis is a rare benign breast condition that may be misdiagnosed as breast carcinoma, complete resection should be accomplished whenever possible. Steroid therapy may be an adjuvant for optimal treatment. Awareness among surgeons and pathologists should also be emphasized to avoid unnecessary misdiagnosis and treatment.

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Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cited by 41 publications

References 7 publications

Granulomatous mastitis: is it an autoimmune disease? Diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas

Granulomatous mastitis: is it an autoimmune disease? Diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas

Corticosteroid treatment and timing of surgery in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis confusing with breast carcinoma

Chronic Granulomatous Mastitis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations

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