2015
DOI: 10.1007/s12016-015-8511-x
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Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies and Malignancy: a Comprehensive Review

Abstract: The idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune diseases (collectively known as myositis) affecting the skeletal muscles as well as other organ systems such as skin, lungs, and joints. The primary forms of myositis include polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (PM), and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM). Patients with these diseases experience progressive proximal muscle weakness, have characteristic muscle biopsy findings, and produce autoantibodies that are associ… Show more

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Cited by 114 publications
(112 citation statements)
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“…The autoimmune myopathies (idiopathic inflammatory myopathies) are a group of rare, acquired, heterogeneous systemic inflammatory diseases that feature skeletal muscle myositis with or without extra-muscular involvement of the pulmonary, cardiac, oesophageal, vascular, synovial and/or cutaneous tissues. [5][6][7][8] Distinct clinical syndromes that differ on clinical, biochemical and histological grounds have been recognised. This includes dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), necrotising autoimmune myositis (NAM) and sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM).…”
Section: The Autoimmune Myopathiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The autoimmune myopathies (idiopathic inflammatory myopathies) are a group of rare, acquired, heterogeneous systemic inflammatory diseases that feature skeletal muscle myositis with or without extra-muscular involvement of the pulmonary, cardiac, oesophageal, vascular, synovial and/or cutaneous tissues. [5][6][7][8] Distinct clinical syndromes that differ on clinical, biochemical and histological grounds have been recognised. This includes dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), necrotising autoimmune myositis (NAM) and sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM).…”
Section: The Autoimmune Myopathiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…• 'A good history will lead to specific screening rather than submit every patient to a standard battery of tests in a shotgun approach' [28] • 'Increasingly I am now doing PET scans as usual screening has missed malignancy subsequently found on PET' [11] • 'Highly variable depending on History / Examination / Age / Ethnicity and disease features' [20] Theme: Triggers for initial screening • 'Especially NXP2' [55] • 'Only if response to treatment tapering is poor' [47] • 'When patients present with specific antibodies screening is not required.' [40] • '…Screening in inclusion body myositis is also favoured…' [35] Themes: Triggers for repeat screening • '…subtypes more commonly associated with malignancy eg Tif1… would guide me to be more proactive… if initial screening tests are negative' [52] • 'This is often risk driven / therapy driven and patient recovery status' [5] • 'The patient is often under regular review, any focal symptoms are followed up without delay' [30] • 'I will rescreen if there are warning bells' [12] • 'I would consider repeat screening if unexpected relapse' [11] Theme: Approach to repeat screening • '…little or no evidence to support present practice of repeated tests. Never helped me in 30+ years.…”
Section: Cancer Screening Rates Confidence Screening Allocation Andmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Clinically, anti‐TIF1γ–positive adult DM is associated with severe cutaneous signs, moderate muscular symptoms, and frequent dysphagia, while systemic features are uncommon . Other reported risk factors for cancer in adult DM, i.e., older age, male sex, and cutaneous necrosis, have also been identified in anti‐TIF1γ–positive adult DM . Anti‐TIF1γ autoantibodies are also found in 30–40% of patients with juvenile DM, without any association with cancer .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The most noteworthy clinical associations are reported below, while others are reported in Table 3. In general terms, rare autoantibodies in myositis are used to predict more severe forms, including those associated with cancer as many studies support the possibility that DM and PM are paraneoplastic, particularly DM [65]. Some autoantibodies are associated with major recurrence of neoplasms, and these are anti-TIF1γ/α (anti-155-140) and anti NXP2 antibodies [66, 67].…”
Section: The Abc Of Serum Autoantibodiesmentioning
confidence: 99%