If patients with schizophrenia have small brains, why don't they have small heads?

Friedman, Lee; Wiechers, Ilse R.; Cerny, Cathleen A.; Schulz, S. Charles; Buckley, Peter F.

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00098-5

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On theoretical grounds and based on previous results, we predicted a small remaining negative paternal age association with offspring intelligence after applying these controls. We also looked for paternal age associations with offspring head circumference as a proxy for brain size [106][107][108][109]. Head circumference is highly heritable [110], but not highly correlated (about .10-.20 [107,111]) with intelligence.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Paternal Age on Offspring Intelligence and Personality when Controlling for Parental Trait Levels

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Paternal age at conception has been found to predict the number of new genetic mutations. We examined the effect of father’s age at birth on offspring intelligence, head circumference and personality traits. Using the Minnesota Twin Family Study sample we tested paternal age effects while controlling for parents’ trait levels measured with the same precision as offspring’s. From evolutionary genetic considerations we predicted a negative effect of paternal age on offspring intelligence, but not on other traits. Controlling for parental intelligence (IQ) had the effect of turning an initially positive association non-significantly negative. We found paternal age effects on offspring IQ and Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire Absorption, but they were not robustly significant, nor replicable with additional covariates. No other noteworthy effects were found. Parents’ intelligence and personality correlated with their ages at twin birth, which may have obscured a small negative effect of advanced paternal age (<1% of variance explained) on intelligence. We discuss future avenues for studies of paternal age effects and suggest that stronger research designs are needed to rule out confounding factors involving birth order and the Flynn effect.

show abstract

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Paternal Age on Offspring Intelligence and Personality when Controlling for Parental Trait Levels

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Also, there are studies reporting that the brains of patients with schizophrenia are small, and there is a decreased cerebral volume of ~2%. [48][49][50] In line with this information, in their study evaluating the head size of 44 American patients with schizophrenia aged between 18 and 65, Buckley et al 51 reported that skull size was not affected in patients with schizophrenia despite the volume reduction data reported in the literature. In the skull thickness measurements made with 30 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 132 healthy control groups in the present study, it was observed that the measurements of the healthy control group were higher than the measurements of patients with schizophrenia in skull length, AT, RAT, LAT, LLT, RPT, LPT, and PT measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Decreased intracranial volume, or brain size, has been shown in neuroimaging and anthropological studies of schizophrenia. Also, there are studies reporting that the brains of patients with schizophrenia are small, and there is a decreased cerebral volume of ~2% 48–50 . In line with this information, in their study evaluating the head size of 44 American patients with schizophrenia aged between 18 and 65, Buckley et al 51 reported that skull size was not affected in patients with schizophrenia despite the volume reduction data reported in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Investigation of Skull Cortical Thickness Changes in Healthy Population and Patients With Schizophrenia on Computed Tomography Images

Bolat,

Polat,

Tunç

et al. 2024

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cortical bone thickness is essential for the mechanical function of bone. Some factors including aging, sex, body size, hormone levels, behavior, and genetics lead to changes in cranial cortical robusticity. Moreover, the skull is one of the hardest and most durable structures in the human body. Schizophrenia is defined as a psychiatric disease characterized by delusions and hallucinations, and these patients have reduced brain volume; however, there is no study including cortical bone structure. For this reason, the aim of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in the skull cortical thickness of patients with schizophrenia and, compare it with healthy subjects. The cranial length, cranial width, anterior cortical thickness, right and left anterior cortical thickness, right and left lateral cortical thickness, right and left posterior lateral thickness, and posterior cortical thickness were measured with axial computed tomography images of 30 patients with schizophrenia and 132 healthy individuals aged between 18 and 69years. A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in the measurements of right and left posterior lateral thickness, and posterior cortical thickness (P = 0.006, P = 0.001, and P = 0.047, respectively). The sexes were compared, and it was found that the cranial width, anterior thickness, left anterior thickness, and right and left posterior thickness measurements of patients with schizophrenia showed a statistically significant difference compared with the control group (P < 0.001, P = 0.003, P = 0.001, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). The authors observed that skull cortical thickness may be different in schizophrenia. The results obtained from this study may be beneficial for evaluating these structures for clinical and pathological processes. Furthermore, knowledge about the skull cortical thickness in planning surgical procedures will increase the reliability and effectiveness of the surgical method, and this will minimize the risk of complications.

show abstract

When Is the Brain Enlarged in Autism? A Meta-Analysis of All Brain Size Reports

Redcay

Courchesne

2005

Biological Psychiatry

546

364

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

If patients with schizophrenia have small brains, why don't they have small heads?

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

The Effect of Paternal Age on Offspring Intelligence and Personality when Controlling for Parental Trait Levels

The Effect of Paternal Age on Offspring Intelligence and Personality when Controlling for Parental Trait Levels

Investigation of Skull Cortical Thickness Changes in Healthy Population and Patients With Schizophrenia on Computed Tomography Images

When Is the Brain Enlarged in Autism? A Meta-Analysis of All Brain Size Reports

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About