“…Research has shown that attendance at synchronous lectures is associated with better academic performance and other (e.g., social) benefits (e.g., Credé et al., 2010; Edwards & Clinton, 2019; Louis et al., 2016; Romer, 1993; Tokumitsu, 2017; Trice et al., 2000; Wongtrakul & Dangprapai, 2020). However, attendance rates are typically found to be low, often around 50% (e.g., Beovich et al., 2021; Hollett et al., 2020; Skead et al., 2020; Williams, 2022) and as low as 30% (Moore et al., 2008). Interventions that promote lecture attendance are therefore important.…”