IFCC Primary Reference Procedures for the Measurement of Catalytic Activity Concentrations of Enzymes at 37°C. Part 4. Reference Procedure for the Measurement of Catalytic Concentration of Alanine Aminotransferase

Schumann, G.; Bonora, R; Ceriotti, F.; Férard, G; Ferrero, C. A.; Franck, Paul; Gella, F. Javier; Hoelzel, Wieland; Jørgensen, Poul J.; Kanno, T; Kessner, A; Klauke, Rainer; Kristiansen, N.; Lessinger, Jean Marc; Linsinger, Thomas P. J.; Misaki, Hideo; Panteghini, Mauro; Pauwels, J.; Schiele, F; Schimmel, Heinz

doi:10.1515/cclm.2002.124

Cited by 179 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…30 In serum samples from treated and control rats, iron levels were detected by colorimetric ferrozine-based assay. 31 ELISA For detection of pro-hepcidin in serum from GD-and zymosan-treated rats, a pro-Hepcidin ELISA kit was used.…”

Section: Detection Of Serum Transaminases and Iron Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phagocytosis of gadolinium chloride or zymosan induces simultaneous upregulation of hepcidin- and downregulation of hemojuvelin- and Fpn-1-gene expression in murine liver

Moriconi

Ahmad

Ramadori

et al. 2009

Laboratory Investigation

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The liver and the spleen are the organs in which cellular material and aged erythrocytes are eliminated from the blood. Within the liver, Kupffer cells (KCs) are mainly responsible for this task, as such KCs have a pivotal role in iron metabolism. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes of hepatic gene expression in two models of KC phagocytosis. Gadolinium chloride (GD) or zymosan was injected intraperitoneally into rats and to endotoxin-resistant mice (C3H/HeJ). The animals were killed at different time points and their livers were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen for RNA isolation and immunohistological studies. RNA was analyzed by real-time PCR and northern blot. Sera were used to measure transaminases, hepcidin and iron levels. The expression of iron metabolism genes, hepcidin, hemojuvelin (Hjv), ferroportin-1 (Fpn-1) and of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1b, TNF-a and IFN-g was determined. Although phagocytosed material was detected in ED-1-and C1q-positive cells, no inflammatory cells were identified within the liver parenchyma. Serum levels of hepcidin, iron and transaminases did not differ from those of control animals. Both GD and zymosan induced an upregulation of hepcidin-gene expression in rat liver as early as 3 h, reaching a maximum 6 h after treatment. Hjv-and Fpn-1-gene expression was downregulated at the same time. IL-6 was by far the most induced acute-phase-cytokine in GD-and zymosan-treated livers, although IL-1b and TNF-a were also strongly upregulated by zymosan and to a lesser extent by GD. Similar results were obtained in the C3H/HeJ mouse strain excluding the possible role of contaminating endotoxin. This study shows that phagocytosis upregulates hepcidin-gene expression and downregulates Hjv-and Fpn-1-gene expression within the liver. These changes in iron-regulating-gene expression may be mediated by the locally produced acute-phase-cytokines.

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Section: Detection Of Serum Transaminases and Iron Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phagocytosis of gadolinium chloride or zymosan induces simultaneous upregulation of hepcidin- and downregulation of hemojuvelin- and Fpn-1-gene expression in murine liver

Moriconi

Ahmad

Ramadori

et al. 2009

Laboratory Investigation

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“…In the last 14 years, the IFCC has recommended RMPs for seven enzymes [12][13][14][15][16][17][18], which are now listed in the database of the Joint Committee on Traceability in Laboratory Medicine (JCTLM) [19]. Few enzyme reference materials (ERM) are also listed (for aspartate aminotransferase [AST], γ-glutamyltranspeptidase [γGT], and α-amylase [AMY]), whereas reproduction and characterization of new ERMs for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are ongoing [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and impact of enzyme measurement standardization

Infusino

Frusciante

Braga

et al. 2017

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) has established reference measurement procedures (RMPs) for the most popular enzymes. Manufacturers should assign values to commercial calibrators traceable to these RMPs to achieve equivalent results in clinical samples, independent of reagent kits, instruments, and laboratory where the measurement is carried out. The situation is, however, far from acceptable. Some manufacturers continue to market assays giving results that are not traceable to internationally accepted RMPs. Meanwhile, end-users often do not abandon assays with demonstrated insufficient quality. Of the enzyme measurements, creatine kinase (CK) is satisfactorily standardized and a substantial improvement in performance of marketed γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) assays has been demonstrated. Conversely, aminotransferase measurements often exceed the desirable analytical performance because of the lack of pyridoxal-5-phosphate addition in the commercial reagents. Measurements of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and α-amylase (AMY) still show major disagreement, suggesting the need for improvement in implementing traceability to higher-order references. This is mainly the result of using assays with different analytical selectivities for these enzymes. The definition by laboratory professionals of the clinically acceptable measurement uncertainty for each enzyme together with the adoption by EQAS of commutable materials and use of an evaluation approach based on trueness represent the way forward for reaching standardization in clinical enzymology.

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“…4 In other words, the 2 kinds of measurement procedures do not exhibit the same analytical specificity, and the procedures supplemented with PP are recommended. 5,6 (3) When the analytical procedures (with a PP supplementation) were calibrated with the same material in each laboratory, patients' results became very similar and not statistically significant. More precisely, median values obtained in 6 laboratories did not vary by more than 10%.…”

Section: The Use Of Enzyme Results For Liver Fibrosis Evaluation Neccmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) Reagents containing PP (2) Procedures calibrated with a common material whose ALT and AST values were assigned by the corresponding analytical reference method, 5,6 thus ensuring a metrological traceability, as recommended at the international level. 7 The validity of this approach was confirmed in another study performed on patients suffering from hepatitis B.…”

Section: The Use Of Enzyme Results For Liver Fibrosis Evaluation Neccmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of enzyme results for liver fibrosis evaluation neccessitates standardization

Myara¹,

Guéchot²,

Lasnier³

et al. 2008

Hepatology

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IFCC Primary Reference Procedures for the Measurement of Catalytic Activity Concentrations of Enzymes at 37°C. Part 4. Reference Procedure for the Measurement of Catalytic Concentration of Alanine Aminotransferase

Cited by 179 publications

References 7 publications

Phagocytosis of gadolinium chloride or zymosan induces simultaneous upregulation of hepcidin- and downregulation of hemojuvelin- and Fpn-1-gene expression in murine liver

Phagocytosis of gadolinium chloride or zymosan induces simultaneous upregulation of hepcidin- and downregulation of hemojuvelin- and Fpn-1-gene expression in murine liver

Progress and impact of enzyme measurement standardization

The use of enzyme results for liver fibrosis evaluation neccessitates standardization

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