IgE antibodies to alpha‐gal in the general adult population: relationship with tick bites, atopy, and cat ownership

Gonzalez-Quintela, Arturo; Laursen, Anne Sofie Dam; Vidal, Carmen; Skaaby, Tea; Gudé, Francisco; Linneberg, Allan

doi:10.1111/cea.12326

Cited by 117 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This was also noted in a recent study among 2,297 Danish and 444 Spanish randomly selected adults who showed a frequency of α-Gal IgE of 5.5 and 8.1%, respectively [10]. Interestingly, the authors concluded that presence of α-Gal IgE antibodies is associated with a history of tick bites, atopy and cat ownership.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Galactose-α-1,3-Galactose Allergy Is Not a Hitherto Unrecognized Cause of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Maurer

Church²,

Metz³

et al. 2015

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Tick bite-induced galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-Gal) IgE and subsequent ingestion of red meat may cause delayed severe allergic reactions including urticaria, gastrointestinal symptoms or anaphylaxis. We tested the hypothesis that increased levels of IgE to α-Gal due to tick bites and the subsequent ingestion of red meat or meat products may possibly be an un(der)recognized cause of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Methods: Levels of IgE to α-Gal and total IgE were measured (ImmunoCAP, Phadia AB/Thermo Fisher Scientific) in 83 patients (61 female and 22 male, median age 43 years, range 18-82) from the Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany. All had been clinically diagnosed with moderate-to-severe CSU of a median duration of 2.9 years (range 0.1-50). Results: Eighty of the 83 patients (96%) had undetectable (<0.1 kU_A/l) serum levels of IgE against α-Gal. The levels in the remaining 3 were all low (0.25, 0.4 and 3.1 kU_A/l). In no patient, including those with measurable serum levels of IgE against α-Gal, was eating red meat associated with the development of symptoms of urticaria. Conclusion: Our results indicate that an allergic response to α-Gal is highly unlikely to be a hitherto unrecognized common cause of CSU.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Galactose-α-1,3-Galactose Allergy Is Not a Hitherto Unrecognized Cause of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Maurer

Church²,

Metz³

et al. 2015

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…A total of 3,405 were eligible for invitation (21 had emigrated and 45 had died). A total of 2,308 (45.8% men) agreed to participate and were re-examined between November 2011 and November 2012 [7]. The median age was 55.7 (range 24-76) years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect Sting Reactions and Specific IgE to Venom and Major Allergens in a General Population

Mosbech

Tang²,

Linneberg³

2016

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Insect sting reactions are frequently reported, but population studies documenting the frequency and the relation to IgE-sensitization and serum tryptase are scarce. Methods: Questionnaire data and results from measurements of specific IgE against venom, major allergens and cross-reacting carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) were collected from 2,090 adult participants in a cross-sectional survey. Results: 13% of the population reported symptoms of sting reactions and about half were systemic in nature. In all, 15% were sensitized to venom but only 31% of these had reacted to stings and only 38% of those with reactions had IgE to venom. In addition, 12% with IgE to venom were double-sensitized (DS), i.e. to both bee and wasp venom. Among DS IgE to major venom allergens, rApi m 1, rVes v 1 and rVes v 5 were negative and of no help in 31%, but 59% could be identified as likely sensitized to bee or wasp. IgE to CCDs occurred in only 0.7%, but 80% of these were DS. Finally, 36% with IgE to CCDs had had symptoms, mostly local. Serum tryptase was not associated with a history of sting reactions. Conclusions: In a temperate climate, self-reported insect sting reactions and sensitization to venom are frequent, but in most cases, these are not seen in the same individual. In DS individuals, measurements of IgE to major allergens can be helpful in some but not all cases and additional analyses are needed. IgE to CCDs may have some clinical relevance.

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“…In Europe, Ixodes ricinus has been implicated while in Australia the relevant tick is Ixodes holocyclus [17–19]. In fact, there are now reports of delayed anaphylaxis to red meat in Australia [15,20], France [21,22], Germany [23,24], Sweden [25], Spain [26•], Japan [27], Korea [28] and Belgium [29]. Notably, in each of these countries there is evidence that tick bites are the primary cause of the sensitization [19••] and that the primary or sole sensitization is to alpha-gal.…”

Section: Tick Bites and The Development Of Ige Ab To Alpha-galmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed Anaphylaxis Involving IgE to Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose

Platts-Mills

Schuyler

Hoyt

et al. 2015

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Hypersensitivity in the allergic setting refers to immune reactions, stimulated by soluble antigens that can be rapidly progressing and, in the case of anaphylaxis, are occasionally fatal. As the number of known exposures associated with anaphylaxis is limited, identification of novel causative agents is important in facilitating both education and other allergen-specific approaches that are crucial to long-term risk management. Within the last 10 years several seemingly separate observations were recognized to be related, all of which resulted from the development of antibodies to a carbohydrate moiety on proteins where exposure differed from airborne allergens but which were nevertheless capable of producing anaphylactic and hypersensitivity reactions. Our recent work has identified these responses as being due to a novel IgE antibody directed against a mammalian oligosaccharide epitope, galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). This review will present the history and biology of alpha-gal and discuss our current approach to management of the mammalian meat allergy and delayed anaphylaxis.

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IgE antibodies to alpha‐gal in the general adult population: relationship with tick bites, atopy, and cat ownership

Abstract: The prevalence of alpha-gal sIgE antibodies in these general adult European populations is similarly low. The presence of alpha-gal sIgE antibodies is associated with a history of tick bites, atopy, and cat ownership.

Cited by 117 publications

References 33 publications

Galactose-α-1,3-Galactose Allergy Is Not a Hitherto Unrecognized Cause of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Galactose-α-1,3-Galactose Allergy Is Not a Hitherto Unrecognized Cause of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Insect Sting Reactions and Specific IgE to Venom and Major Allergens in a General Population

Delayed Anaphylaxis Involving IgE to Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose

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