“…With the identification of some of the antigenic epitopes of various BTV proteins (Wang et al, 1972; Geysen et al, 1985; Fukusho et al, 1987; Gould et al, 1988a, 1994; Grieder and Schultz, 1989; Geysen, 1990; Li and Yang, 1990, 1992; Marshall and Roy, 1990; Mecham and Jochim, 1990; Eaton et al, 1991; Rossitto and MacLachlan, 1992; Du Plessis et al, 1994, 1995; Schoehn et al, 1997; Nagesha et al, 2001), BTV immunity has only been studied partially in the last two decades because of lack of supporting funding and reliable immune assays (Jeggo and Wardley, 1982a,b; Gibbs et al, 1983; Jeggo et al, 1983; Campbell and Grubman, 1985; Stott et al, 1985; Fukusho et al, 1987; Huismans et al, 1987a; Marshall and Roy, 1990; Martyn et al, 1991; Li and Hwang, 1992; Jones et al, 1996, 1997; Lin and Zhou, 1996; Wade-Evans et al, 1996; Odeon et al, 1999; Prasad and Minakshi, 1999; DeMaula et al, 2000; Roy, 2003). With the recent development of more reliable immune assays and microarrays, we have found that BTV can induce inflammatory cytokine expression in immortalized human kidney, lung, and liver cells and subsequently kill the infected cell with cell line-dependent severity.…”