IgG‐mediated suppression of antibody responses: Hiding or snatching epitopes?

Xu, Hui; Heyman, Birgitta

doi:10.1111/sji.12921

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…The mechanism of suppression has been controversial, and it was thought that infused antibody simply caused clearance of the foreign antigen preventing access to immune responding cells. However, animal studies point to antigen-specific blockade, such that antibody can “mask” a specific epitope on a single cell or molecule without affecting the response to other antigens [ 22 , 24 , 26 , 27 ]. Blockade or steric interference by passive antibody can potentially inhibit viral antigen binding to cognate B cell receptors during early B cell activation [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of monoclonal antibody therapy on the endogenous SARS-CoV-2 antibody response

Kim

Dimcheff

Siler

et al. 2022

Clinical Immunology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of monoclonal antibody therapy on the endogenous SARS-CoV-2 antibody response

Kim

Dimcheff

Siler

et al. 2022

Clinical Immunology

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“…Immunotherapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are utilized to treat a wide variety of disorders, including cancer and autoimmune diseases [83]. After the administration of mAbs, Fcγ receptor (FcγR)-expressing cells, including monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and NK cells, can extract mAb-bound cell surface molecules from target cells via trogocytosis, leading to the reduced efficacy of mAb-based therapies [3,84] (Figure 5). As observed in TCR-mediated trogocytosis, FcγR-mediated trogocytosis occurs rapidly (within 1 h), accompanies the transfer of membrane patches, and requires actin polymerization [17,[85][86][87][88].…”

Section: Trogocytosis Triggered By Ligand-receptor Interaction-2: Fcγr-mediated Trogocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Trogocytosis in the Modulation of Immune Cell Functions

Miyake

Karasuyama

2021

Cells

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Trogocytosis is an active process, in which one cell extracts the cell fragment from another cell, leading to the transfer of cell surface molecules, together with membrane fragments. Recent reports have revealed that trogocytosis can modulate various biological responses, including adaptive and innate immune responses and homeostatic responses. Trogocytosis is evolutionally conserved from protozoan parasites to eukaryotic cells. In some cases, trogocytosis results in cell death, which is utilized as a mechanism for antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC). In other cases, trogocytosis-mediated intercellular protein transfer leads to both the acquisition of novel functions in recipient cells and the loss of cellular functions in donor cells. Trogocytosis in immune cells is typically mediated by receptor–ligand interactions, including TCR–MHC interactions and Fcγ receptor-antibody-bound molecule interactions. Additionally, trogocytosis mediates the transfer of MHC molecules to various immune and non-immune cells, which confers antigen-presenting activity on non-professional antigen-presenting cells. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in our understanding of the role of trogocytosis in immune modulation.

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“…In line with this observation, it has been reported that excess Ab could lead to the suppression of the Ab response in vivo [24]. A possible explanation is epitope masking, in which Abs may hide the epitopes of Ags from B cells or other Abs [25]. Nevertheless, the mechanism behind the Ab‐mediated immunosuppression remains unclear, especially in pathological conditions such as malignant disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Identification of salivary autoantibodies as biomarkers of oral cancer with immunoglobulin A enrichment combined with affinity mass spectrometry

et al. 2023

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Globally, oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common fatal illnesses. Its high mortality is ascribed to the fact that the disease is often diagnosed at a late stage, which indicates an urgent need for approaches for the early detection of OSCC. The use of salivary autoantibodies (autoAbs) as OSCC biomarkers has numerous advantages such as easy access to saliva samples and efficient detection of autoAbs using well‐established secondary reagents. To improve OSCC screening, we identified OSCC‐associated autoAbs with the enrichment of salivary autoAbs combined with affinity mass spectrometry (MS). The salivary IgA of healthy individuals and OSCC patients was purified with peptide M‐conjugated beads and then applied to immunoprecipitated antigens (Ags) in OSCC cells. Using tandem MS analysis and spectral counting‐based quantitation, the level of 10 Ags increased in the OSCC group compared with the control group. Moreover, salivary levels of autoAbs to the 10 Ags were determined by a multiplexed bead‐based immunoassay. Among them, seven were significantly higher in early‐stage OSCC patients than in healthy individuals. A marker panel consisting of autoAbs to LMAN2, PTGR1, RAB13, and UQCRC2 was further developed to improve the early diagnosis of OSCC.

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IgG‐mediated suppression of antibody responses: Hiding or snatching epitopes?

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 18 publications

References 88 publications

Effect of monoclonal antibody therapy on the endogenous SARS-CoV-2 antibody response

Effect of monoclonal antibody therapy on the endogenous SARS-CoV-2 antibody response

The Role of Trogocytosis in the Modulation of Immune Cell Functions

Identification of salivary autoantibodies as biomarkers of oral cancer with immunoglobulin A enrichment combined with affinity mass spectrometry

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