IgG subclass/IgM ratio and response to therapy in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Fu, Li; Yang, Lingwei; Chen, Wei Perng; Tsai, Shiow Jy; Lin, Ching Yuang

doi:10.1007/s004670050541

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These results agree with some other studies,[2324] who suggested a better response to treatment for patients with idiopathic NS (including SSNS and FSGS with a high serum IgG-1/IgM ratio and one concluded that IgG/IgM ratio was found to be significantly lower in the NS patients than in the healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prediction of steroid response in nephrotic syndrome by humoral immunity assessment

Youssef¹,

Salam²,

Karam³

2011

Indian J Nephrol

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The purpose of this study was to estimate the serum levels of IgG, IgM, and IgA in nephrotic syndrome (NS) cases, in activity or in remission, and to detect their levels in relation to steroid response by evelautingthe relationship between IgG/IgM ratio and response to steroids. We investigated 27 cases with NS in activity and in remission and 20 healthy children as controls. Group A included 16 NS patients (12.3±1.4 years) who were steroid-resistant, frequent relapsers, or steroid dependent. Group B included 11 steroid-sensitive NS patients with a mean age of 11.6±2.1 years. Group C included 20 healthy children with a mean age of 12.1±2.3 years who were the control group. We found lower serum IgG level in NS cases compared with the control group; and it was lower in activity than in remission. The levels were lower in Group A compared with those of Group B. Serum IgG levels in Group A were as follows: in activity, 2.29±1.13 g/L and in remission, 4.3±2 g/L. In Group B, they were 6.2±1.2 g/L and 6.5±1.15 g/L in activity and in remission, respectively, and 11.8±2.5 g/L in the healthy control group (P<0.05). There was a direct correlation between serum albumin and serum IgG. We found no significant difference in serum IgM and IgA levels among studied groups whether in activity or in remission. Serum IgG/IgM ratio was lower in activity and in remission in the patient groups than in the control group as it was 9.3±4.7 in healthy subjects. It was 1.8±1.5 in Group A in activity and 3.2±2 in remission, and in Group B 4.8±2.39 in activity and 4.8±2.4 in remission. We conclude that IgM and IgA show no significant difference in NS patients. Serum IgG is lower in NS than in the control group and is much lower in activity than in remission. It is lower in patients with poor steroid response. We propose a predictive value of IgG/IgM ratio in activity, that is, the higher the IgG/IgM ratio in activity, the better the prognosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prediction of steroid response in nephrotic syndrome by humoral immunity assessment

Youssef¹,

Salam²,

Karam³

2011

Indian J Nephrol

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“…Also Warshaw et al confirmed low IgG-1 and 2 in relapse compared to remission [11] but did not compare the latter group to healthy controls. Two recent studies suggested a better response to treatment for patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (including SSNS and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) with a high IgG-1/IgM ratio, but did not give comparative details for IgG subclasses among study groups or controls [16,17]. Also, determinations of IgGS in nephrotic syndrome have been included in studies of charge selectivity of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), but again did not give details on serum levels in this disorder [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum levels of immunoglobulins and IgG subclasses in steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome

2002

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Alterations of serum immunoglobulins, especially hypogammaglobulinemia (HG), are a frequent finding in steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS). The exact mechanisms are unclear, especially the persistence of HG into remission. Therefore we studied serum immunoglobulins M, A and G including IgG subclasses 1-4 in 44 children with SSNS; 14 were studied during relapse (RL) and 30 in remission (RM). Data were compared with those of 23 healthy controls. In a subgroup of 23 patients (12 in RM and 11 in RL) we also studied IgG-1 specific antibodies to tetanus toxoid and IgG-2 specific antibodies to pneumococcus antigen. Increased serum concentrations of IgM in RL and reduction of serum IgG in RL and RM were confirmed. During relapse, HG was characterized to result from deficiency of IgG-1-3, whereas in early phases of relapse the reduction was due to low IgG-1 only. In RM the deficiency of IgG-2 persisted for 12 months and correlated strongly with the duration of remission (R=0.60, P<0.0001). IgG-4 levels were not altered in SSNS. In addition, IgG-2 specific antibodies to pneumococcus antigen were significantly reduced only in RL compared to RM (P<0.05). In conclusion, hypogammaglobulinemia of SSNS is characterized by a different constitution of IgG subclasses. In RL a reduction of serum levels of IgG-1-3 occurs, while low concentrations of IgG-2 might be the explanation for HG in remission of SSNS.

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Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Class, but Not IgA or IgM, Antibodies to Peptides of thePorphyromonas gingivalisChaperone HtpG Predict Health in Subjects with Periodontitis by a Fluorescence Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Sweier¹,

Shelburne²,

Giannobile³

et al. 2009

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Chaperones are molecules found in all cells and are critical in stabilization of synthesized proteins, in repair/removal of defective proteins, and as immunodominant antigens in innate and adaptive immunity. Subjects with gingivitis colonized by the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis previously demonstrated levels of anti-human chaperone Hsp90 that were highest in individuals with the best oral health. We hypothesized that similar antibodies to pathogen chaperones might be protective in periodontitis. This study examined the relationship between antibodies to P. gingivalis HtpG and clinical statuses of healthy and periodontitissusceptible subjects. We measured the humoral responses (immunoglobulin G [IgG], IgA, and IgM) to peptides of a unique insert (P18) found in Bacteroidaceae HtpG by using a high-throughput, quantitative fluorescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Indeed, higher levels of IgG class anti-P. gingivalis HtpG P18 peptide (P < 0.05) and P18␣, consisting of the N-terminal 16 amino acids of P18 (P < 0.05), were associated with better oral health; these results were opposite of those found with anti-P. gingivalis whole-cell antibodies and levels of the bacterium in the subgingival biofilm. When we examined the same sera for IgA and IgM class antibodies, we found no significant relationship to subject clinical status. The relationship between anti-P18 levels and clinical populations and individual subjects was found to be improved when we normalized the anti-P18␣ values to those for anti-P18␥ (the central 16 amino acids of P18). That same ratio correlated with the improvement in tissue attachment gain after treatment (P < 0.05). We suggest that anti-P. gingivalis HtpG P18␣ antibodies are protective in periodontal disease and may have prognostic value for guidance of individual patient treatment.

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IgG subclass/IgM ratio and response to therapy in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Prediction of steroid response in nephrotic syndrome by humoral immunity assessment

Prediction of steroid response in nephrotic syndrome by humoral immunity assessment

Serum levels of immunoglobulins and IgG subclasses in steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Class, but Not IgA or IgM, Antibodies to Peptides of thePorphyromonas gingivalisChaperone HtpG Predict Health in Subjects with Periodontitis by a Fluorescence Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

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