IgG subclass response to human parvovirus B19 infection

Franssila, Rauli; Söderlund, Maria; Brown, Caroline; Spaan, Willy J. M.; Seppälä, Ilkka; Hedman, Klaus

doi:10.1016/0928-0197(96)00156-0

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, in the present study, we found no evidence of a switch in either the humoral or cell-mediated immune compartments. Although it is possible that a phenotypic switch in reactive antibody or the pattern of cytokine production may have occurred prior to 3 months postinfection, previous work has suggested that this did not occur until at least 3 to 4 months postinfection (16). Furthermore, the absence of the IgG4 subclass in all children's specimens suggests that it is unlikely that a previous phenotypic switch has occurred.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Franssila et al also reported that there is a subclass switch for antibody against the VP1-unique region from IgG3 during acute infection to IgG4 during convalescence and proposed that this was due to a switch from a Th1 response to a Th2 response (16). In other infections and model systems, members of our group and others have reported a broadening of cytokine responses with time (2,3,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…A variety of mechanisms have been invoked to explain why reactivity against linear epitopes is lost, including the induction of T-cell anergy or tolerance (16). However, these mechanisms do not adequately explain why there is a selective loss of reactivity against the linear epitopes of the capsid proteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is characterized by a loss of antibody specificity against linear viral epitopes of VP1 and VP2 and also by a proposed antibody subclass switch from IgG3 to IgG4. It has been speculated that this switch is caused by an underlying alteration in the type of CD4 ϩ T-cell response; however, there has been very little examination of this response in humans (16,51). It is accepted that in response to antigen, T helper (Th) cells secrete cytokines, which are involved in regulatory functions or can mediate direct activity against invading viruses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired Gamma Interferon Responses against Parvovirus B19 by Recently Infected Children

Corcoran

Doyle

Waldron

et al. 2000

J Virol

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Parvovirus B19 is the causative agent of "fifth disease" of childhood. It has been implicated in a variety of conditions, including unsuccessful pregnancy and rheumatoid arthritis, and is a potential contaminant of blood products. There has been little study of immunity to parvovirus B19, and the exact nature of the protective humoral and cell-mediated immune response is unclear. Immune responses to purified virus capsid proteins, VP1 and VP2, were examined from a cohort of recently infected children and compared with responses from long-term convalescent volunteers. The results demonstrate that antibody reactivity is primarily maintained against conformational epitopes in VP1 and VP2. The unique region of VP1 appears to be a major target for cell-mediated immune responses, particularly in recently infected individuals. We confirm that antibody reactivity against linear epitopes of VP2 is lost shortly after infection but find no evidence of the proposed phenotypic switch in either the subclass of parvovirus B19-specific antibody or the pattern of cytokine production by antigen-specific T cells. The dominant subclass of specific antibody detected from both children and adults was immunoglobulin G1. No evidence was found for interleukin 4 (IL-4) or IL-5 production by isolated lymphocytes from children or adults. In contrast, lymphocytes from convalescent adults produced a typical type 1 response associated with high levels of IL-2 and gamma interferon (IFN-␥). However, we observed a significant (P < 0.001) deficit in the production of IFN-␥ in response to VP1 or VP2 from lymphocytes isolated from children. Taken together, these results imply that future parvovirus B19 vaccines designed for children will require the use of conformationally preserved capsid proteins incorporating Th1 driving adjuvants. Furthermore, these data suggest novel mechanisms whereby parvovirus B19 infection may contribute to rheumatoid arthritis and unsuccessful pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired Gamma Interferon Responses against Parvovirus B19 by Recently Infected Children

Corcoran

Doyle

Waldron

et al. 2000

J Virol

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“…Circulating antibodies recognize both linear and conformational epitopes of the capsid proteins. Numerous investigators have demonstrated that B19V-specific IgG antibodies recognizing linear epitopes disappear around 6 months after infection, leaving only circulating antibodies that recognize conformational epitopes (4,7,15,17,20). Therefore, the nature of the viral antigen(s) used in the B19V-specific serologic assay is an important variable to consider in evaluating analytical test performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Three Commercially Available Serologic Assays Used To Detect Human Parvovirus B19-Specific Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG Antibodies in Sera of Pregnant Women

Butchko

Jordan

2004

J Clin Microbiol

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Undenatured parvovirus B19 antigens are essential for the accurate detection of parvovirus B19 IgG

et al. 1999

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Recombinant versions of parvovirus B19 capsid proteins VP1 and VP2 are used for immunodiagnostic assays for detection of antiviral antibodies. The immune response to B19 is characterized by a gradual loss of antibodies directed against linear epitopes of VP2. A similar occurrence for antibodies raised against VP1 protein would represent a limitation to serological assays incorporating denatured versions of either viral antigen. Four detection systems for B19 Ig detection have been developed, including an IgG enzyme immunoassay (EIA) based on undenatured VP2, an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) based on undenatured VP1, a Western blot assay incorporating denatured VP1 and VP2, and an alternative blot system using denatured VP1 but undenatured VP2. Specimens (n=108) were tested by all four systems and identical results were obtained by EIA, IFA, and alternative blot systems, whereby 75/108 (69%) were B19 IgG-positive. Twelve B19 IgG-positive specimens, representing 16% (12/75) of the confirmed positives, did not react to either viral antigens when tested by Western blot. It is concluded that these sera do not react with linear epitopes of VP1 and VP2 antigens. Eighty-five different specimens, which had previously been shown to be both B19 IgM- and IgG-positive by EIA and IFA, were positive by B19 IgM and IgG Western blot. In the IgG Western blot assay, 69 reacted with both VP1 and VP2 and 16 with VP1 only. It is concluded that there is a requirement for at least one undenatured antigen for the immunological detection of B19 IgG.

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IgG subclass response to human parvovirus B19 infection

Cited by 30 publications

References 29 publications

Impaired Gamma Interferon Responses against Parvovirus B19 by Recently Infected Children

Impaired Gamma Interferon Responses against Parvovirus B19 by Recently Infected Children

Comparison of Three Commercially Available Serologic Assays Used To Detect Human Parvovirus B19-Specific Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG Antibodies in Sera of Pregnant Women

Undenatured parvovirus B19 antigens are essential for the accurate detection of parvovirus B19 IgG

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