IgG subclasses' response to a set of mycobacterial antigens in different stages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Araujo, Leonardo Silva de; Silva, Nidai de Bárbara Moreira da; Leung, Janaina Aparecida Medeiros; Mello, Fernanda C. Q.; Saad, Maria Helena Féres

doi:10.1016/j.tube.2017.10.010

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In the broadest of strokes, antibody titers increase as Mtb burden increases, presumably due to increased antigen availability (26,37,114,115). More specifically, some but not all studies show that active pulmonary TB elicits an Mtb-specific IgG isotype response with the elevation of both Mtb-specific and total IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses in serum (37,(116)(117)(118). In vitro, IgG1 mediates TNF-α release from human monocytes but does not increase the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (109, 110).…”

Section: Antibody Isotypes and Subclasses In Mycobacterium Tuberculosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, while Mtb-specific IgG titers alone have been insufficient in distinguishing between latent and active TB, refinement of these correlates using additional isotypes, subclasses, and other Fc modifications are underway (see Figure 1) (31)(32)(33)(34)(35). Moreover, incorporating data including multiple instead of single Mtb antigens as well as Fab affinity and avidity to Mtb targets may improve sensitivity and specificity (36)(37)(38)(39)(40). Thus, assessing more specific antibody features may improve our understanding of humoral immune correlates of infection and disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Inflammatory Story: Antibodies in Tuberculosis Comorbidities

McLean

Kent

et al. 2019

Front. Immunol.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) resides in a quarter of the world's population and is the causative agent for tuberculosis (TB), the most common infectious reason of death in humans today. Although cellular immunity has been firmly established in the control of Mtb, there is growing evidence that antibodies may also modulate the infection. More specifically, certain antibody features are associated with inflammation and are divergent in different states of human infection and disease. Importantly, TB impacts not just the healthy but also those with chronic conditions. While HIV represents the quintessential comorbid condition for TB, recent epidemiological evidence shows that additional chronic conditions such as diabetes and kidney disease are rising. In fact, the prevalence of diabetes as a comorbid TB condition is now higher than that of HIV. These chronic diseases are themselves independently associated with proinflammatory immune states that encompass antibody profiles. This review discusses isotypes, subclasses, post-translational modifications and Fc-mediated functions of antibodies in TB infection and in the comorbid chronic conditions of HIV, diabetes, and kidney diseases. We propose that inflammatory antibody profiles, which are a marker of active TB, may be an important biomarker for detection of TB disease progression within comorbid individuals. We highlight the need for future studies to determine which inflammatory antibody profiles are the consequences of comorbidities and which may potentially contribute to TB reactivation.

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Section: Antibody Isotypes and Subclasses In Mycobacterium Tuberculosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Inflammatory Story: Antibodies in Tuberculosis Comorbidities

McLean

Kent

et al. 2019

Front. Immunol.

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“…In individuals with activate TB, IgG1 levels were elevated in comparison to individuals with LTBI, who displayed higher levels of IgG3 . Purified protein derivative‐specific IgG1, but not IgG2 or IgG3, from TB‐infected individuals increased tumor necrosis factor‐α secretion in monocytes isolated from healthy donors . The authors concluded that IgG1 might contribute to pathogenesis in chronic TB disease.…”

Section: The Role Of Isotype and Subclass In Antibody Functionalitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…49 Purified protein derivative-specific IgG1, but not IgG2 or IgG3, from TB-infected individuals increased tumor necrosis factor-a secretion in monocytes isolated from healthy donors. 50 The authors concluded that IgG1 might contribute to pathogenesis in chronic TB disease. In a recent substudy of the MVA85A trial, high BCG-specific IgG2 (a dominant subclass produced against mycobacterial polysaccharides 44 ) levels were associated with a reduced prevalence of M. tuberculosis acquisition in South African infants.…”

Section: The Role Of Isotype and Subclass In Antibody Functionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond memory T cells: mechanisms of protective immunity to tuberculosis infection

2019

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and kills more people annually than any other single infectious agent. Although a vaccine is available, it is only moderately effective and an improved vaccine is urgently needed. The ability to develop a more effective vaccine has been thwarted by a lack of understanding of the mechanism of vaccine‐induced immune protection. Over recent decades, many novel TB vaccines have been developed and almost all have aimed to generate memory CD4 T cells. In this review, we critically evaluate evidence in the literature that supports the contention that memory CD4 T cells are the prime mediators of vaccine‐induced protection against TB. Because of the lack of robust evidence supporting memory CD4 T cells in this role, the potential for B‐cell antibody and “trained” innate cells as alternative mediators of protective immunity is explored.

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“…More recently, however, our understanding of the role of antibodies specific to mycobacterial proteins has started to evolve. Indeed, emerging evidence suggests that, since the metabolism of M. tuberculosis changes over the course of the infection, the expression of immunodominant antigens should reflect these changes, leading in turn to differences in the antibody profile between LTBI and active TB that could be exploited for diagnostic purposes (75).…”

Section: Potential Role Of Antibodies In Ltbi Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis for Latent Tuberculosis Infection: New Alternatives

et al. 2020

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Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a subclinical mycobacterial infection defined on the basis of cellular immune response to mycobacterial antigens. The tuberculin skin test (TST) and the interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) are currently used to establish the diagnosis of LTB. However, neither TST nor IGRA is useful to discriminate between active and latent tuberculosis. Moreover, these tests cannot be used to predict whether an individual with LTBI will develop active tuberculosis (TB) or whether therapy for LTBI could be effective to decrease the risk of developing active TB. Therefore, in this article, we review current approaches and some efforts to identify an immunological marker that could be useful in distinguishing LTBI from TB and in evaluating the effectiveness of treatment of LTB on the risk of progression to active TB.

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IgG subclasses' response to a set of mycobacterial antigens in different stages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

An Inflammatory Story: Antibodies in Tuberculosis Comorbidities

An Inflammatory Story: Antibodies in Tuberculosis Comorbidities

Beyond memory T cells: mechanisms of protective immunity to tuberculosis infection

Diagnosis for Latent Tuberculosis Infection: New Alternatives

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