Ignitability of Unprotected and Retardant Protected Samples of Spruce Wood

Mitterová, Iveta; Zachar, Martin; Ruzinska, E; Majlingová, Andrea

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1001.330

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…They are often caused by human negligence, failure to observe fire protection measures-no fire, no smoking, no grass burning, no brushwood burning, playing with matches, etc. In addition, these fires are more dangerous since they occur in the areas which are hard to access for fire brigade and their equipment, with insufficient or unfit resources of water for fire fighting purpose, and require enormous deployment of people, special fire, or aviation technology [15].…”

Section: Coniferous Wood In Forest Firesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood of Coniferous Trees: Reaction to Fire

Osvaldová¹

2018

Forest Fire

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This thesis investigates the reaction of wood of selected coniferous wood species (pine, fir, spruce, larch) to fire. The fact that coniferous wood might be taken from various parts of the tree, i.e., branches, trunk, or root, is also taken into consideration. We study changes in selected properties in relation to fire-weight loss, relative burning rate, charred layer, and (a)/(b) ratio. Results are then statistically evaluated.Keywords: coniferous wood, fire, mass loss, testing methods, reaction to fire Coniferous wood in forest fireClimatic changes in Europe brought about a new phenomenon-forest fires. Fires regularly occur mainly in southern Europe-in Portugal, Spain, Greece, southern France, Croatia, and Mediterranean islands.Slovakia is no exception-there were 136 recorded fires in 2016 causing the damage of 96,665 €. The worst situation came about in 2012 with 517 fires occurring on 170 ha of forest cover. The material damage came up to 793,860 €.The most common causes of fires are campfires and the burning of grass, dry vegetation, waste, and trash. Statistics show exact causes of fires, size of the area, and damage done to vegetation. One of the biggest fires on the territory of Slovakia broke out in a hard to access mountain ridge. It was probably caused by unruly guests setting up fire on the mountain ridge near a tourist path. The fire claimed human lives. It emerged in the locality of Krompľa, on the border of Hrabušice and Betlanovce, not far from the national nature reserve Tri kopce. The terrain made it impossible for the fire equipment to reach the area. According to the estimates, 10 ha of forest burnt down. The territory, along with Záhorie, was the area with the © 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. most frequent reoccurrence of forest fires even in the past. Although forest fires were quite common in our territory in the past, they were not of such large scale and economic consequences [1,2].Due to climate change, the intensity of forest fires has risen. In addition, forest fires are influenced by more factors: slope of forest terrain, cardinal points, wind and fuel-tree types, their age, branch proportion, trunk, and root system.The thesis treats the issue of fuel response of four selected types of coniferous wood and their reaction to thermal stress in constant conditions. The four types of trees are as follows: Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), European silver fir (Abies alba Mill.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.). These conditions simulate an emerging fire.

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Section: Coniferous Wood In Forest Firesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood of Coniferous Trees: Reaction to Fire

Osvaldová¹

2018

Forest Fire

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“…The reaction to fire of other construction products and building elements (other than electrical cables) is in more detail described in the paper by Mitterova et al (2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Risk of Halogen-Free Electrical Cable

Martinka

Rantuch

Wachter

et al. 2018

Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology

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This paper deals with the fire risk of a selected halogen-free electrical cable. The research was objected to a three-core power electric cable for a fixed installation CHKE J3x1.5 (cross section of each copper core was 1.5 mm 2 ) with a declared class of reaction to fire B2ca, s1, d1, a1. The electrical cable was manufactured and supplied by VUKI, a. s., Slovakia. The fire risk of the electric cable was evaluated based on the heat release rate, total heat release, smoke release rate, total smoke release and effective heat of combustion. These parameters were measured using a cone calorimeter at 50 kW m -2 (specimens and cone emitter were placed horizontally during the test). The measured electrical cable showed a maximum heat release rate of nearly 150 kW m -2 , a maximum average heat emission rate of almost 100 kW m -2 , a total heat release of almost 130 MJ m -2 , a maximum smoke release rate of almost 2.5 s -1 , a total smoke release of more than 800 m 2 m -2 , an effective heat of combustion (cable as a whole) of nearly 9 MJ kg -1 and an effective heat of emission (polymeric parts of the cable) of 26.5 MJ kg -1 .

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“…In our paper we deal with an experimental assessment of selected retarding substances affect (HR-Prof, PLAMOSTOP D and D PLAMOSTOPtransparent), which were applied to the surface of solid spruce wood, and further thermally loaded with a radiant heat source. The evaluation criteria used in the modified test method [3,4], are the relative weight loss of test specimens, the relative rate of burning and the time of ignition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Method of Evaluation the Effect of the Protection Retardant Coatings Applied on the Surface of the Wood Building Construction

Ruzinska

Mitterová

Zachar

et al. 2015

MSF

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The paper deals with the protection of wood in wooden building constructions, in accordance to the current trends in the use of organic materials in the construction sector and also in the woodworking industry. The attention is paid to the assessment of the effectiveness of selected retardant protective substances applied to spruce wood that was thermally loaded for prediction of flammability properties and assessing the suitability of their application. In the experiment, there was used the modified testing method with evaluation of the characteristics of thermal degradation. At the same time, there were evaluated selected material characteristics, in relation to the adhesion of retarding coatings applied.

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Ignitability of Unprotected and Retardant Protected Samples of Spruce Wood

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Wood of Coniferous Trees: Reaction to Fire

Wood of Coniferous Trees: Reaction to Fire

Fire Risk of Halogen-Free Electrical Cable

Modified Method of Evaluation the Effect of the Protection Retardant Coatings Applied on the Surface of the Wood Building Construction

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